红锥优树无性系群体表型变异研究及综合选择  

Phenotypic variation study and comprehensive selection of elite clonal populations of Castanopsis hystrix

作　　者：李娜 杨袁木 徐放[1] 陈新宇 李子玥 魏瑞研 潘文[1] 张卫华[1] LI Na;YANG Yuanmu;XU Fang;CHEN Xinyu;LI Ziyue;WEI Ruiyan;PAN Wen;ZHANG Weihua(Guangdong Academy of Forestry/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation,Protection and Utilization,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China;Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Forest Resource Conservation Center,Guangzhou 510173,Guangdong,China;Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,Hebei,China;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省林业科学研究院,广东广州510520 [2]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510225 [3]广东省森林资源保育中心,广东广州510173 [4]河北农业大学,河北保定071001 [5]华南农业大学,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第8期73-84,共12页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：广东省重点研发计划项目(2020B020215002)。

摘　　要：【目的】揭示红锥优树无性系群体表型变异水平,为优树种质资源的保存和利用提供基础数据,确定育种群体。【方法】测定红锥226个优树无性系生长、形质和材性共15个表型性状指标,采用方差分析、遗传参数估算、相关性分析、主成分分析和布雷金多性状综合评定等方法对红锥优树无性系群体表型性状进行多种比较分析和综合选择,为红锥良种再选育和定向培育提供依据。【结果】红锥优树无性系间的变异系数范围为5%~41%。树干通直度的变异系数最大(41%),纤维素的变异系数最小(5%)。除微纤丝角外,红锥优树无性系各表型性状存在显著(P<0.01)或极显著(P<0.001)差异。且无性系14个指标重复力变化范围为0.254~0.764,其中树高、胸径的重复力达0.7以上,属于中高水平遗传力。相关性分析结果表明:各性状间的相关性达显著或极显著水平,树高、胸径、冠幅和枝下高之间存在较高的正相关关系,树干通直度与胸径、枝下高和树高呈极显著和显著负相关,与东西冠幅呈显著正相关。微纤丝角和木材基本密度分别与纤维长度、长宽比呈极显著负相关和极显著或显著正相关,纤维宽度与木材基本密度呈显著负相关,纤维素和木质素之间呈极显著正相关。生长性状与材性性状间相关性较强,可考虑联合选择。主成分分析得出前3个主成分的累计贡献率达82%,保留了表型性状的大部分信息。其中,第一主成分对红锥生长性状影响较大,第二、三主成分对材性性状影响较大,树高、冠幅、纤维长宽比、木质素4个性状是引起红锥表型差异大的主导因子。依据主成分分析结果,以树高、胸径和冠幅等生长量为评价指标,利用布雷金多性状综合评定法对无性系进行评价筛选,以10%为入选率,筛选出22个无性系,入选无性系树高、胸径、东西冠幅和南北冠幅的遗传增益分别为20.35%、24.49%、11【Objective】This study aimed to reveal the phenotypic variation level of elite tree clones,to provide basic data for the preservation and utilization of elite tree germplasm resources and determine the breeding population.【Method】A total of 15 phenotypic traits including growth,shape and wood property of 226 elite tree clones were determined.The methods of variance analysis,genetic parameter estimation,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of multiple traits were used to compare and select phenotypic traits of elite clones of Castanopsis hystrix,which provided the basis for rebreeding and directional cultivation of elite C.hystrix varieties.【Result】The coefficients of variation ranged from 5%to 41%.The coefficient of variation of trunk straightness was the largest(41%)and that of cellulose was the smallest(5%).Except for microfibril angle,there were significant(P<0.01)or extremely significant(P<0.001)differences in the phenotypic traits of the clones.The repeatability of 14 indexes of the clones ranged from 0.254 to 0.764,among which the repeatability of tree height and DBH were above 0.7,which belonged to a medium-high level heritability.The correlation analysis results showed that the correlation among the traits reached a significant or extremely significant level,and there was a significantly positive correlation between tree height,DBH,crown width and clear bole height.The trunk straightness had a very significant negative correlation with DBH and clear bole height,and a significantly positive correlation with east-west crown width.The microfibril angle and wood basic density were negatively and positively correlated with fiber length and length-width ratio,respectively.The fiber width was negatively correlated with wood basic density,and cellulose and lignin were positively correlated.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached 82%,which retained most of the information on phenot

关 键 词：红锥 优树无性系 表型多样性 综合选择 

分 类 号：S718.46[农业科学—林学]