祁连山高寒山区典型植被类型水源涵养功能的灰色关联分析  

Grey correlation analysis of water conservation function of typical vegetation types in the alpine region of the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：安金玲 牛赟 车宗玺 郝虎 AN Jinling;NIU Yun;CHE Zongxi;HAO Hu(Gansu Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve Management Center,Zhangye 734000,Gansu,China;Huaiyin Normal University,Huai’an 223300,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃祁连山国家级自然保护区管护中心,甘肃张掖734000 [2]淮阴师范学院,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第8期93-101,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(22JR5RA769);甘肃省级财政林业草原科技创新项目(甘林规函[2021]936号)。

摘　　要：【目的】以祁连山排露沟流域分布的4种典型植被类型:高寒草甸(GHCD)、灌丛高寒草甸(GCGHCD)、青海云杉林(QHYS)和草地(CD)为研究对象,综合评价祁连山高寒山区典型植被类型水源涵养功能,旨在为科学认识水源涵养功能差异及合理经营当地水源涵养林生态系统提供依据。【方法】通过对不同植被类型枯落物层和土壤层的野外调查和采样,室内测定枯落物层和土壤层的现存量及持水性能、土壤化学性质和土壤水文物理性质等20个评价指标,并分析其在不同植被类型的变化规律,最后用灰色关联分析法综合评价不同植被类型的水源涵养功能强弱。【结果】4种植被类型枯落物层现存量、最大持水量和有效持水量均表现为QHYS>GCGHCD>GHCD>CD,最大持水率表现为GCGHCD>QHYS>GHCD>CD,有效持水率表现为CD显著低于其他3种植被类型。土壤化学性质除pH值和全钾含量在不同植被类型的差异性不显著外,有机质、全氮、全磷、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾等化学指标差异显著性各不相同,土壤养分指数变化表现为QHYS(0.0732)>GCGHCD(0.0729)>CD(0.0712)>GHCD(0.0706)。土壤水文物理性质容重大小表现为GHCD和CD显著大于GCGHCD和QHYS,非毛管孔隙度表现为GCGHCD>QHYS>GHCD>CD,毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度、非毛管持水量、毛管持水量和最大持水量均表现为GCGHCD和QHYS显著大于GHCD和CD。灰色关联分析法综合评价表明4种植被类型水源涵养功能大小依次为:QHYS(0.747)>GCGHCD(0.742)>CD(0.446)>GHCD(0.429)。【结论】4种植被类型水源涵养功能最好的植被类型为QHYS和GCGHCD,其次是GHCD和CD最差。该研究结果可为分类经营管理祁连山不同植被类型提供理论依据。【Objective】Four typical vegetation types including the alpine meadow(GHCD),shrub alpine meadow(GCGHCD),Picea crassifolia forest(QHYS)and grassland(CD)in the Pailugou watershed of the Qilian Mountains were selected as the research objects,the water conservation function of typical vegetation types in the alpine mountainous area of the Qilian Mountains was comprehensively evaluated,aiming to provide a scientific basis for understanding water conservation function differences and rational management of local water conservation forest ecosystems.【Method】Through field investigation and sampling of the litter layer and soil layer of different vegetation types,20 evaluation indexes such as standing crop,water holding capacity,soil chemical properties and soil hydrophysical properties of the litter layer and soil layer were measured indoors,and their variation rules in different vegetation types were analyzed.【Result】The present stock of the litter layer,maximum water holding capacity and effective water holding capacity were in the order of QHYS>GCGHCD>GHCD>CD,the maximum water holding capacity was in the order of GCGHCD>QHYS>GHCD>CD,and the effective water holding capacity of CD was significantly lower than that of the other three vegetation types.In addition to the differences in pH value and total potassium content in different vegetation types,the soil chemical properties of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and other chemical indexes were different.The variation of soil nutrient indexes was QHYS(0.0732)>GCGHCD(0.0729)>CD(0.0712)>GHCD(0.0706).The bulk density of soil hydrophysical properties of GHCD and CD were significantly larger than GCGHCD and QHYS,and the non-capillary porosity showed the order of GCGHCD>QHYS>GHCD>CD.The capillary porosity,total porosity,non-capillary water holding capacity,capillary water holding capacity and maximum water holding capacity of GCGHCD and QHYS were significantly greater than GHCD and CD.The com

关 键 词：水源涵养功能 枯落物层 土壤层 灰色关联分析 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]