八门湾不同退化梯度红树林土壤重金属污染及风险评价  

Heavy metal pollution and risk assessment of mangrove soils with different degradation gradients in Bamen Bay

作　　者：宿少锋 林之盼 雷湘龄 王小燕 薛杨 SU Shaofeng;LIN Zhipan;LEI Xiangling;WANG Xiaoyan;XUE Yang(Hainan Academy of Forestry Sciences(Hainan Mangrove Research Institute),Haikou 571100,Hainan,China;Wenchang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Wenchang 571300,Hainan,China;Wenchang Forest Ecosystem Hainan Province Observation and Research Station,Wenchang 571300,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院),海南海口571100 [2]海南文昌森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,海南文昌571300 [3]文昌森林生态系统海南省野外科学观测研究站,海南文昌571300

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第8期182-191,210,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：海南省科技计划项目(KYYS-2021-23);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201304320)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探讨不同退化程度红树林湿地土壤重金属污染状况,以期为不同退化红树林重金属污染风险评价提供依据,旨在为退化红树林恢复和治理提供参考。【方法】以海南八门湾红树林湿地土壤为研究对象,研究3种不同退化程度红树林(未退化ND、轻度退化LD、中度退化MD)中土壤养分含量和重金属含量测定,并运用内梅罗综合指数法和潜在危害生态指数法对不同退化梯度土壤重金属特征进行污染程度评价。【结果】八门湾红树林土壤养分随着退化梯度的加剧,全碳、全氮、全磷、全钾、pH值、含水率均呈下降趋势,其中全氮、全磷、全钾含量降低幅度均超过50%。随着土层的加厚,全碳、全氮、全磷、pH值呈下降趋势,全钾、土壤含水率呈增大趋势。随着退化梯度的加剧,6种重金属均呈增大趋势,其中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd等4种重金属增加10倍以上。随着土层的加厚,6种重金属总体呈减少趋势。总体上,不同退化梯度土壤重金属与土壤养分之间呈显著负相关关系,而6种重金属之间呈显著正相关关系,表明土壤重金属来源相似。未退化红树林内梅罗综合指数小于1,未受到重金属污染,而轻度退化和中度退化红树林重金属污染达到重度水平,主要污染物为Cu、Pb和Cd。未退化红树林综合潜在生态危害指数为轻微生态危害,而轻度退化红树林综合潜在生态危害指数达到中等生态危害,中度退化红树林综合潜在生态危害指数达到强生态危害。【结论】随着退化程度的加剧,八门湾红树林土壤重金属污染程度也逐渐增加。【Objective】In this study,the heavy metal pollution status of mangrove wetland soil with different degradation degrees was discussed,to provide a basis for the risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in different degraded mangroves,and a reference for the restoration and management of degraded mangroves.【Method】Taking the mangrove wetland soil in Bamen Bay of Hainan as the research object,the soil nutrient content and heavy metal content in three different degraded mangrove forests(non-degraded ND,Lightdegraded LD and moderately degraded MD)were studied.The Nemero comprehensive index method and the potential hazard ecological index method were used to evaluate the pollution degree of heavy metals in soils with different degradation gradients.【Result】With the increase in degradation gradient,the total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,pH and water content of the mangrove soil in Bamen Bay showed a downward trend,and the content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium decreased by more than 50%.With the thickening of the soil layer,total carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and pH showed a downward trend,and the total potassium and soil moisture content showed an increasing trend.With the increase in degradation gradient,six heavy metals showed an increasing trend,among which Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd increased by more than 10 times.With the thickening of the soil layer,the six heavy metals showed a decreasing trend.In general,there was a significant negative correlation between heavy metals and soil nutrients in mangroves with different degradation gradients,while there was a significant positive correlation between six heavy metals,indicating that the sources of heavy metals in soil were similar.The Nemerow comprehensive index of the non-degraded mangroves was less than 1,and they were not polluted by heavy metals.The heavy metal pollution of the lightly degraded and moderately degraded mangroves reached severe levels,and the main pollutants were Cu,Pb and Cd.The comprehens

关 键 词：重金属 退化 污染评价 八门湾 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学]