北宋前期政治进程中的“无为”诠释嬗变析论  

The Evolution of the Annotations on“ Wuwei” in Political Processof Early Northern Song Dynasty

作　　者：黄睿 柳宏[1] HUANG Rui;LIU Hong

机构地区：[1]扬州大学文学院,扬州225002

出　　处：《求是学刊》2023年第4期171-180,共10页Seeking Truth

摘　　要：既往研究多将“无为”视作学派属性和内涵外延皆清晰固定的概念,实际上其在北宋前期既可指涉不同的政治决策与政治理想,又是用以建构君臣关系的思想基础,含义言人人殊。在《论语》“为政以德”章传统注疏启示下,太宗君臣整合道家的“无为”与儒家的“修德”,为北伐失利后的弭兵政策提供合法性。这一意识形态在邢昺《论语疏》中得到强化,但也受到儒生孙何的反驳。伴随真宗朝政治重心转向内政,以田锡和夏竦为代表的士大夫开始借“无为”建构理想君臣关系,虽遭到真宗抵制,却成为此后的必然选择。在改革声浪兴起的仁宗时期,孙复、胡瑗、欧阳修、刘敞通过重释“无为”和《论语》“三年无改”章,推动“有为”升格为历史发展的主要动力并产生广泛影响,预示着时代变革的不二方向。Previous research often treats the“Wuwei”as a clearly defined term,but it not only refers to differ⁃ent political decisions and political ideals,but also is an important concept used to construct the monarch’s relationship with subjects in the early Northern Song Dynasty.Under the enlightenment of the traditional anno⁃tations of“Governing by Virtue”in the Analects of Confucius,Emperor Taizong as well as his officials inte⁃grated the Taoist“Wuwei”with the Confucian“Self-cultivation”to provide legitimacy for the policy of abol⁃ishing armaments after the defeat of the northern expeditions.This ideology was strengthened in XING Bing’s Explanations of the Analects of Confucius,but was also refuted by the Confucian scholar SUN He.With the political focus of the Zhenzong Dynasty turning to the internal affairs,the scholar-bureaucrats represented by TIAN Xi and XIA Song began to construct the ideal relationship between monarch and subjects by annotating the“Wuwei”.Although Zhenzong rejected this view,it became the inevitable choice thereafter.In the Ren⁃zong Dynasty,SUN Fu,HU Yuan,OUYANG Xiu and LIU Chang promoted“Governing by Action”as the main driving force of historical development by reinterpreting“Wuwei”and“Three years without changing”in the Analects of Confucius,which had a wide influence and indicated the direction of the era of change.

关 键 词：北宋前期 无为 政治进程 《论语》诠释 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] I206.2[历史地理—中国史] D691[文学—中国文学]