刑事证据判断中人工智能应用的法理审思与优化路径  

Legal Thinking and Optimization Path of Artificial Intelligence Application in Criminal Evidence Judgment

作　　者：余贵忠[1] 杨再忠 Yu Guizhong;Yang Zaizhong(College of Law,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学法学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2023年第5期11-19,共9页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

基　　金：司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目“大数据时代刑事印证模式转型及规则完善”(21SFB4041)。

摘　　要：秉持“发展优位,审慎耦合”的理念,人工智能在我国刑事证据判断场域的应用得到长足发展;其应用于刑事证据判断之中具有防范冤假错案滋生和实现程序正义之特殊价值,实现了实质正义与程序正义良性互动的双重效应。囿于数据算法的不确定性、证据标准统一指引的隐忧、证据分析难以实现实质性判断,使得人工智能运用于刑事证据判断中面临窘境。文章从人工智能运用于刑事证据判断场域的现实镜像,深入探讨人工智能技术运用于刑事证据判断中产生的冲突及调适的策略。恪守刑事证据判断中人工智能运用的应然限度,构建起其运用的程序规范,完善其运用的技术规制,使之形成“应然限度+程序规范+技术规制”之三位一体规范格局。Adhering to the concept of "development priority and prudent coupling",the application of artificial intelligence in the field of criminal evidence judgment in China has been greatly developed;its application in the judgment of criminal evidence has the special value of preventing the breeding of miscarriages of justice and realizing procedural justice,and realizes the double effect of the positive interaction between substantive justice and procedural justice.Due to the uncertainty of data algorithms,the hidden worries of unified guidance of evidence standards,and the difficulty of evidence analysis to achieve substantive judgment,artificial intelligence is facing a dilemma in the application of criminal evidence judgment.Therefore,it is planned to use the realistic mirror image of artificial intelligence in the field of criminal evidence judgment,and to explore in depth the conflicts and adjustment strategies that may arise in the application of artificial intelligence technology in criminal evidence judgment.We should abide by the due limits of the application of artificial intelligence in the judgment of criminal evidence,construct the procedural norms of its application,improve the technical regulations of its application,and form a trinity normative pattern of 'due limits +procedural norms + technical regulations'.

关 键 词：刑事证据判断 人工智能 工具理性 司法理性 

分 类 号：D926[政治法律—法学]