基于遥感生态指数的矿业城市生态环境时空变异分析  

Analysis of Spatiao-temporal Variation of Ecological Environment in Mining City Based on Remote Sensing Ecology Index

作　　者：滕永佳 阎跃观[1] 郭伟 李凯[1] 赵传武 TENG Yongjia;YAN Yueguan;GUO Wei;LI Kai;ZHAO Chuanwu(College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Remote Sensing Science and Engineering,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京师范大学遥感科学与工程研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《金属矿山》2023年第9期213-222,共10页Metal Mine

基　　金：地理信息工程国家重点实验室、自然资源部测绘科学与地球空间信息技术重点实验室联合基金项目(编号:2021-03-04)。

摘　　要：随着东部煤炭资源枯竭与开采重心战略西移,东部矿业城市的绿色转型发展对生态环境质量评价提出了新要求。当前相关研究多集中于西部集约化高强度采区,相关方法和经验对东部矿业城市的适用性研究较少。其次,目前基于统计结果的矿区生态环境研究尚无法提供空间异质性的定量分析。再者,在较小开采强度下,煤矿开采本身对环境的影响存在争议,而煤炭储存、运输的生态效应并没有得到较多关注。本研究利用2013—2020年Landsat遥感影像,以工矿城市峰峰矿区为研究区,构建遥感生态指数模型(Remote Sensing Ecology Index,RSEI),耦合景观生态指数,对研究区生态环境质量的时空变化和空间异质性进行了定量分析,研究了当地煤炭采—储—运过程的生态效应,并分析了驱动因素。结果表明:2013—2020年峰峰矿区生境质量呈现小幅度波动变化,但结构配置明显优化;景观指数分析表明,RSEI各等级空间异质性加强,非均衡分布现象更为明显;煤炭采—储—运过程对生态环境及其稳定性具有一定的扰动作用,煤炭开采的环境效应不强,储存与运输过程的生态影响呈现梯度特征;峰峰矿区RSEI与高程、坡度、植被覆盖有较稳定的正相关关系,与灯光指数有较稳定的负相关关系。研究成果可为我国东部矿业城市生态环境分析和协调可持续发展提供科学参考。With the depletion of coal resources in the east and the strategic shift of the mining center to the west,the green transformation and development of mining cities in the east has put forward new requirements for the evaluation of ecolog-ical environment quality.At present,most relevant researches focus on the intensive and high-intensity mining areas in the west,and there are few studies on the applicability of relevant methods and experiences to the eastern mining cities.Secondly,the current research on the ecological environment of mining areas based on statistical results cannot provide quantitative analy-sis of spatial heterogeneity.Furthermore,under the relatively small mining intensity,the impact of coal mining itself on the en-vironment is controversial,while the ecological effects of coal storage and transportation have not received much attention.The Landsat remote sensing images from 2013 to 2020 were used,the Fengfeng mining area of the industrial and mining city was taken as the study area,and the RSEI(Remote Sensing Ecology Index),coupled with the landscape ecological index,were constructed to the study area.Heterogeneity was quantitatively analyzed,the ecological effects of the local coal"mining-storage-transportation"process were studied,and the driving factors were analyzed.The results showed that:from 2013 to 2020,the habitat quality of the Fengfeng mining area showed a small fluctuation,but the structure configuration was obviously optimized;The landscape index analysis showed that the spatial heterogeneity of each grade of RSEI was strengthened,and the non-equi-librium distribution phenomenon was more obvious;The process of coal mining-storage-transportation had a certain disturbing effect on the ecological environment and its stability,the effect of coal mining was not strong,and the ecological impact of stor-age and transportation present a gradient effect;RSEI had a relatively stable positive correlation with elevation,slope,and vege-tation cover,and a relatively stable negative correlation

关 键 词：遥感 矿业城市 生态环境 景观生态指数 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]