差异化耦合与制度化整合:动员式政策的实践逻辑  

Differential Decoupling and Institutional Integration:The Practical Logic of Campaign-Style Policy

作　　者：蔡长昆 李一凡 Cai Changkun;Li Yifan(School of Public Administration,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学公共管理学院,武汉430000

出　　处：《甘肃行政学院学报》2023年第1期93-106,127,共15页Journal of Gansu Administration Institute

摘　　要：在我国,动员是重要的政策工具。但是,动员式政策的实践结果却充满争议。要理解动员式政策的结果,需要打开动员式政策的实践“黑箱”。本文通过引入“松散耦合—栖居制度”视角,对4个县精准扶贫政策执行的经验进行分析,考察了动员式政策的实践逻辑。研究发现,面对强大的动员式政策执行的政治压力,由于政策的“松散耦合”,被动员起来的多样化的政策实践者会根据任务的复杂性和原有政策安排采取多样化的策略,包括政策学习和创新、政策调用、政策打包及政策脱耦。本文将这一政策“拆包”过程界定为差异化耦合。同时,在动员式政策执行的过程中,地方政府实践者也会利用多种制度化整合机制,包括组织结构和机制的再造以及政策经纪人的使用,对“政策束”进行打包和再整合。差异化耦合与制度性整合作为动员式政策实践的“一体两面”内生于地方治理的制度场域中。动员式政策实践中的“拆包”与“再打包”过程对于理解动员与常规之间的关系以及动员式政策执行的结果均具有显著的启示意义。As an important policy tool in China,how campaign-style policy implementation to be practiced?By introducing a"loose coupling-inhabited institution"perspective,this study investigates the logic of the practice of campaign-style policy by coding the experience of four counties'experiences of implementing Targeted Poverty Alleviation(TPA)policies.The study found that in the face of strong political pressure for mobilised policy implementation,and due to the"loose coupling"of policies,a diverse group of mobilised policy practitioners adopted a variety of strategies,including policy learning and innovation,policy invocation,policy packaging and policy decoupling,depending on the complexity of the task and the original policy arrangements.This study defines this policy"unpacking"process as differential coupling.Meanwhile,in the process of campaign-style policy implementation,local practitioners also use a variety of institutionalised integration mechanisms,including the re-engineering of organizational structures and mechanisms and the use of policy brokers,to package and reintegrate policy"bundles".Differential coupling and institutional integration are embedded in the institutional field of local governance as the"two sides of the coin"of campaign-style policy practices.The process of"unpacking"and"repackaging"in the practice of mobilisation policy has significant implications for understanding the relationship between campaign and routine,as well as for the outcomes of campaign-style policy implementation.

关 键 词：动员式政策 松散耦合—栖居制度 差异化耦合 制度性整合 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]