最低工资、劳动密集度与企业退出  

MINIMUM WAGE,LABOR INTENSITY AND FIRM EXIT

作　　者：王雅琦[1] 胡晨 卢冰 WANG Yaqi;HU Chen;LU Bing(School of Finance,Central University of Finance and Economics;Jiangsu Branch,The Export-import Bank of China;School of Statistics,Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学金融学院、全球金融治理协同中心,100081 [2]中国进出口银行江苏省分行 [3]北京师范大学统计学院

出　　处：《经济理论与经济管理》2023年第8期72-84,共13页Economic Theory and Business Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72273164,72203023);北京社会科学基金重点项目(22JJA006);中央财经大学青年科研创新团队支持计划;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金的资助。

摘　　要：基于1998—2013年中国工业企业数据库和城市最低工资的匹配数据,本文研究了最低工资上涨对企业退出的影响,并进一步探究了不同劳动密集度企业的异质反应。实证结果表明,最低工资提升会显著提高劳动密集型企业的退出概率,降低资本密集型企业的退出概率。机制检验表明,最低工资提升会通过影响产品成本加成率、行业市场份额、企业生产率来影响企业利润,进而影响其退出概率。本文结果表明,最低工资上涨有利于产业资本深化和经济高质量发展。Based on matched data from China's Annual Survey of Industrial Firms database and monthly minimum wage data spanning from 1998 to 2013,this study examines the impact of minimum wage increases on firm exit and investigates the varying responses of firms with different levels of labor in-tensity.The empirical findings reveal that raising the minimum wage raises the likelihood of labor-inten-sive firms exiting while reducing the likelihood of capital-intensive firms exiting.Mechanism tests further indicate that the minimum wage increase influences a firm's markup,market share,and productivity,consequently affecting its profitability and likelihood of exit.Overall,our results suggest that minimum wage hikes contribute to the deepening of industrial capital and foster high-quality economic development.

关 键 词：最低工资 企业退出 劳动密集度 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济] F425[经济管理—国民经济]