石家庄市冬防期细颗粒物污染特征及源解析  

Pollution characteristics and source analysis of fine particles in Shijiazhuang during winter prevention

作　　者：冯亚龙 王玮 FENG Yalong;WANG Wei(Shijiazhuang Environmental Forecasting Center,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050022,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄市环境预测预报中心,河北石家庄050022

出　　处：《河北工业科技》2023年第5期397-406,共10页Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省“三三三人才工程”资助项目(A202001075);石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划(201240363A);2017年石家庄市第二批指导计划(171242403)。

摘　　要：为了探究石家庄市冬防期细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))的主要污染来源,推动石家庄市环境空气质量持续改善,采用在线单颗粒气溶胶质谱仪(SPAMS)捕集的PM_(2.5)粒子信息,结合自适应共振神经网络分类方法(ART-2a)和石家庄市污染源谱图信息,对2017年10月1日—2018年3月31日、2019年10月1日—2020年3月31日、2021年10月1日—2022年3月31日的石家庄市PM_(2.5)污染物来源进行解析。结果表明:1)石家庄市冬防期PM_(2.5)主要受燃煤源、机动车尾气源、工业工艺源共同作用的影响,3种污染源对PM_(2.5)浓度的贡献率超过60%;2)第3阶段与前2个阶段相比,在不同月份和污染时段机动车尾气源对PM_(2.5)贡献率占比均升高9个百分点以上,贡献占比最大,机动车尾气源逐渐取代工业工艺源成为PM_(2.5)首要污染源;3)受春节影响,2月份机动车尾气源对PM_(2.5)贡献率明显降低;4)第3阶段燃煤源和工业工艺源对PM_(2.5)浓度的影响降低,但2个污染源对PM_(2.5)浓度的贡献率仍然较大,贡献占比超过30%。研究结果为石家庄市进一步加强对机动车尾气源的管控提供了依据,同时对未来石家庄市提前采取针对性污染源管控,减缓大气污染的发生提供了数据支撑。In order to explore the main pollution sources of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))in the winter prevention period in Shijiazhuang,and promote the continuous improvement of ambient air quality in Shijiazhuang,using the PM_(2.5)particle information collected by online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer(SPAMS),and combining with adaptive resonance neural network classification(ART-2a)and pollution source spectra of Shijiazhuang City,the sources of PM_(2.5)pollutants in Shijiazhuang from October 12017 to March 312018,from October 12019 to March 312020,and from October 12021 to March 312022 were analyzed.The results show that:1)The PM_(2.5)in Shijiazhuang during the winter prevention period is mainly affected by coal burning,motor vehicle exhaust sources and industrial process sources,and the contribution rate of the three pollution sources to PM_(2.5)is more than 60%;2)In the third stage,compared with the first two stages,the contribution rate of motor vehicle exhaust sources to PM_(2.5)increases by more than 9 percentage points in different months and pollution periods,and the contribution proportion is the largest.Motor vehicle exhaust sources gradually replace industrial process sources as the primary pollution source of PM_(2.5);3)Affected by the Spring Festival,the contribution rate of motor vehicle exhaust sources to PM_(2.5)decreases significantly in February;4)In the third stage,the impact of coal sources and industrial process sources on PM_(2.5)decreases,but the contribution rate of the two pollution sources to PM_(2.5)is still large,accounting for more than 30%.The research results provide a basis for Shijiazhuang to further strengthen the control of motor vehicle exhaust sources,and provide data support for Shijiazhuang to take targeted pollution source control in advance to slow down the occurrence of air pollution in the future.

关 键 词：大气污染防治工程 石家庄市 细颗粒物 燃煤源 机动车尾气源 工业工艺源 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]