基于高分辨率数据的热带气旋降水时空变化特征  

The spatio-temporal characteristics of tropical cyclone precipitation based on high-resolution data

作　　者：林泽群 吴海鸥 杨振华 张智 王大刚 LIN Zequn;WU Haiou;YANG Zhenhua;ZHANG Zhi;WANG Dagang(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Civil Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东广州510006 [2]中山大学土木工程学院,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2023年第5期157-170,共14页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52079151)。

摘　　要：热带气旋降水的时空分布和变化对受灾地区具有重要影响,而目前鲜有关于短时热带气旋降水及其时空分布特征的研究。本文利用高时空分辨率的降水产品数据CMFD,基于基尼系数、空间基尼系数和线性回归方法,对1979—2018年影响我国的热带气旋降水时空分布特征及其变化趋势进行研究,结果表明:1)热带气旋年影响频次和年降水量在空间上均表现出从东南向西北减少的规律;在趋势上,影响频次在我国东南大部分地区表现为显著下降,而年降水量则表现出明显的空间差异性。2)热带气旋降水时长呈现出减少的趋势,导致降水强度和降水集中度增加,表明热带气旋会带来更强和在时间分布上更加集中的降水。3)四场热带气旋事件分析的结果表明,中心路径200 km范围内为主要降水区域;在800 km范围内,降水随距离的增加在时间分布上更加集中。The spatiotemporal distribution and variation of tropical cyclone precipitation have significant impacts on disaster-affected areas.However,studies on short duration tropical cyclone precipitation and its spatiotemporal distribution characteristics are lacking.Therefore,this study uses a precipitation product data with high spatial and temporal resolution,based on Gini index,Space Gini index and linear regression method,to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and trends of tropical cyclone precipitation.The results show that:1) the average annual impact frequency and annual precipitation of tropical cyclones decrease from southeast to northwest.The trend of influence frequency decreases significantly in most southeast regions of China,and the trend of annual precipitation shows obvious spatial differences.2) Precipitation duration of tropical cyclones shows a decreasing trend,resulting in an increase in precipitation intensity and concentration,which indicates that tropical cyclone precipitation was more concentrated in time while its intensity is enhanced.3) The analysis results of four tropical cyclones show that,within 200 km of the central path is the main precipitation area,which is uniform in temporal distribution.In the range of 800 km,precipitation is more concentrated in time with the increasing distance.

关 键 词：热带气旋降水 降水集中度 基尼系数 时空变化特征 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]