舰船波浪载荷响应特性及砰击载荷影响因素分析  

Response Characteristics of Wave-induced Loads and Affecting Factor of Slamming Loads for Ship

作　　者：耿彦超[1,2] 杨骏 王海洋[3] 卞鑫 汪雪良[1,2] GENG Yan-chao;YANG Jun;WANG Hai-yang;BIAN Xin;WANG Xue-liang(China Ship Scientific Research Center,Jiangsu Wuxi 214082,China;Taihu Laboratory of Deepsea Technological Science,Jiangsu Wuxi 214082,China;Marine Design&Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏无锡214082 [2]深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏无锡214082 [3]中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院,上海200011

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2023年第9期1-11,共11页Equipment Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3306200)。

摘　　要：目的获取波浪载荷特征,提供准确的设计载荷输入,为舰船结构设计服务。方法采用波浪载荷水池模型试验和理论预报对比的方法,给出波浪载荷传递函数响应曲线,验证理论预报结果的正确性。基于长期预报结果,分析波浪载荷沿船长的分布规律,通过改变超越概率和舰船装载状态,研究二者对波浪载荷的影响。基于模型试验结果,阐释航速引起的砰击弯矩的变化规律。之后,通过改变舷侧外伸平台的宽度、角度、高度等参数,分析参数变化对砰击载荷的影响,揭示波浪载荷的变化规律。结果模型试验结果同理论预报结果吻合较好。垂向剪力、扭矩长期预报结果沿船长呈现双峰值形状,垂向弯矩和水平弯矩长期预报结果沿船长呈现抛物线形状,波浪载荷长期预报结果随超越概率呈大致线性变化关系。大波高、高航速试验工况下,船体弯矩呈现特别明显的非线性特征,舷侧外伸平台宽度越大、角度越小、高度越低,砰击载荷就越严重。结论波高、航速等对砰击弯矩的影响显著,舰船在使用过程中,若要减少砰击的发生,可考虑规避大浪和主动减速。在舰船结构设计阶段,若要减小舷侧外伸平台产生的砰击载荷分量,应从平台的大小、位置、角度等参数的设计确定入手。The response characteristics of ship wave-induced loads are complex.The work aims to obtain the wave-induced load characteristics and provide accurate design load,so as to serve for ship structural design.The method of comparing basin model experiments with theoretical predictions was adopted to provide the response curve of wave-induced transfer function,which verified the correctness of theoretical prediction results.Based on long-term prediction results,the distribution pattern of wave-induced loads along the ship was analyzed,and the impact of exceeding probability and ship loading status on wave-induced loads was studied.By changing the exceeding probability and the loading state of the ship,the impact of the both on wave-induced loads was studied.Based on the model test results,the law of the change in slamming bending moment caused by ship speed was obtained.The effect of parameter change on slamming load was analyzed by changing the width,angle,height and other parameters of the side extended flaring platform,to reveal the change law of wave-induced load.The model test results were in good agreement with the theoretical prediction results.The long-term prediction results of vertical shear and torque showed a bimodal M shape along the ship length,while the long-term prediction results of vertical and horizontal bending moments showed a parabolic shape along the ship length.The long-term prediction results of wave-induced loads showed a roughly linear relationship with the exceeding probability.Under large wave height and high speed test conditions,the bending moment of the ship exhibited particularly significant nonlinear characteristics.The wider the width,the smaller the angle,and the lower the height of the side extended flaring platform,the more severe the slamming load.Considering that wave height,speed,and other factors have a significant impact on the slamming moment,in order to reduce the occurrence of slamming during the use of ships,it is considered to avoid large wave height and actively slow do

关 键 词：波浪载荷 长期预报 砰击载荷 航速 外伸平台 

分 类 号：U661.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]