雅鲁藏布江土著鱼类种类组成及区系资源分布特征研究  

Study on Species Composition and Fauna Resources Distribution Characteristics of Indigenous Fish in Yarlung Zangbo River

作　　者：李洪池 龚君华 LI Hongchi;GONG Junhua(Institute of Fisheries Science,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Tibet Lhasa 850002,China;Tibet Native Fish Breeding and Utilization Technology Engineering Research Center,Tibet Lhasa 850002,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院水产科学研究所,西藏拉萨850002 [2]西藏土著鱼类繁育与利用技术工程研究中心,西藏拉萨850002

出　　处：《西藏农业科技》2023年第3期63-69,共7页Tibet Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏土著鱼类繁育与利用技术工程研究中心质量提升工程项目(XZ202101YD 0004C);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0502)。

摘　　要：为了对雅鲁藏布江土著鱼类进行更有效的保护和开发利用,必须充分了解其种类组成和区系资源特征。经近年来对雅鲁藏布江流域土著鱼类实地采集调查,结合雅鲁藏布江流域多年的鱼类调查名录,对该江域土著鱼类组成、分布区系特点进行了研究,并根据其资源特征,对其现有资源状况进行了分析总结。结果显示:雅鲁藏布江流域土著鱼类共42种,隶属于3目5科20属,在种类组成上主要以裂腹鱼亚科鱼类、条鳅亚科鱼类和鮡科鱼类为主;区系组成较为单一,具有明显的区域性。在资源特征方面,雅鲁藏布江土著鱼类的主要食料基础为水中昆虫和藻类,但也随着土著鱼类生境不同在食性种类上有所变化,表明其食性具有可塑性。雅鲁藏布江土著鱼类在繁殖策略上也有其各自独特性。在种群数量变动上,资源价值利用较强的土著鱼类种群有下降的趋势,但绝大部分土著鱼类种群仍处于原始的动态平衡状态。In order to effectively protect and exploit the indigenous fish in Yarlung Zangbo River,it is necessary to fully understand their species com⁃position and faunal resources distribution characteristics.In recent years,through the field collection and investigation of the indigenous fish species in Yarlung Zangbo River basin,combined with the survey list of fish species in Yarlung Zangbo River basin for many years,the composition and distri⁃bution characteristics of indigenous fish species in Yarlung Zangbo River Basin were analyzed,and the current situation of the fish species was ana⁃lyzed according to their resource characteristics.The results showed that there were 42 indigenous fish species,belonging to 3 orders,5 families and 20 genera in the Yarlung Zangbo river region.Schizogastriae,Triplophyta and Glyptoidae were dominant in species composition.The faunal composi⁃tion is relatively simple with obvious regional.In terms of resource characteristics,the main diet of indigenous fish is based on aquatic insects and al⁃gae,but the feeding species also changes with the different habitats of indigenous fish,indicating that their feeding habits have plasticity.The indig⁃enous fish has its own characteristics in reproduction.In terms of population change,the indigenous fish populations with strong resource utilization value tend to decline,and most of the indigenous fish populations are still in the original state of dynamic equilibrium.

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 土著鱼类 种类组成 区系分布 资源特征 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]