过鱼对象多维量化体系在南渡江流域的应用  

Application of a Multi-Dimensional Quantization System for Targeting Fish Species in Nandu River Basin

作　　者：刘媛媛 金志军 林晨宇 谭均军 魏浪 单成康 石小涛[1] LIU Yuan-yuan;JIN Zhi-jun;LIN Chen-yu;TAN Jun-jun;WEI Lang;SHAN Cheng-kang;SHI Xiao-tao(College of hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,P.R.China;Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited,Guizhou 550081,P.R.China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵州贵阳550081 [3]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第5期9-17,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(51922065);国家自然科学基金项目(51679126)。

摘　　要：过鱼对象的确定对于过鱼设施建设至关重要。量化评定过鱼对象优先保护次序,为南渡江过鱼设施建设、鱼类保护提供决策依据。基于过鱼设施建设目的及过坝鱼类的生境适宜能力,从过坝需求度、生境适应度、资源丰富度、物种效用度、物种濒危度和遗传损失度等6个维度,建立多指标量化的过鱼对象选择体系。采用主客观结合的组合权重,构建基于逼近理想排序法的过坝鱼类优先等级评定模型。以南渡江流域为实例进行初步分析,结合南渡江流域梯级建设,运用过鱼对象评定体系确定花鳗鲡、鲢、鳙等洄游性鱼类为首要过鱼对象,䱗、月鳢、鲇、海南长臀鮠为主要过鱼对象;乌塘鳢、红鳍原鲌、赤眼鳟、蒙古鲌为次要过鱼对象;鲮、倒刺鲃、马口鱼、纹唇鱼、唇䱻、翘嘴鲌、东方墨头鱼等鱼类为兼顾过鱼对象。本研究通过构建科学合理的多指标体系对南渡江流域过鱼设施过鱼对象优先保护次序进行量化,有助于指导过鱼设施效果评价,对过鱼设施建设具有一定参考价值。The design and technical features of fish passage facilities are determined by biological indicators of target fish species,so determining the target species is the first task in constructing a fish passage.At present,there is not a comprehensive evaluation system for setting species priority for conservation.In this study,Nandu River was selected for a case study,and a multi-index quantitative selection system for targeting fish species was developed to determine species priority for fish passage facilities.The multi-index quantitative selection system consisted of 11 evaluation indices from 6 dimensions:fish migration pattern,habitat suitability,fishery resource richness,species value,degree of endangerment,and genetic loss.The dimensions were selected based on fish passage design requirements and habitat suitability for fish passing the dam.The weight of each evaluation index for the selection system was obtained using a combined subjective-objective weighting method that avoids the subjective limitation of single weighting method.In this research,18 representative fish species of Nandu River were quantitatively analyzed for conservation priority using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS).Results show that the fish in Nandu River fall into four levels of priority:(1)Target fish species of absolute priority include Anguilla marmorata,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Hypophthalmichthys nobilis;(2)primary target fish species include Hemiculter leucisculus,Channa asiatica,Silurus asotus and Cranoglanis bouderius multiradiatus;(3)Species of secondary importance include Bostrychus sinensis,Cultrichthys erythropterus,Squaliobarbus curriculus,and Culter mongolicus Basilewsky;(4)species of least importance include Cirrhinus molitorella,Spinibarbus denticulatus denticulatus,Opsariichthys bidens and Osteochilus salsburyi.In conclusion,we developed a rational,science based multi-index system to quantify the conservation priority of potential target fish species for fish passage faci

关 键 词：过鱼设施 优先保护次序 多指标量化 南渡江流域 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]