3种微藻对海水集约化对虾养殖尾水氮磷的去除效果  

Comparison of Three Microalgae for Removing Nitrogen and Phosphorus from the Tail Waters of Intensive Seawater Shrimp Aquaculture

作　　者：潘志恒 鲁敏 曹煜成[2] 徐煜[2] 徐武杰[2] 胡晓娟[2] 苏浩昌[2] 文国樑 PAN Zhi-heng;LU Min;CAO Yu-cheng;XU Yu;XU Wu-jie;HU Xiao-juan;SU Hao-chang;WEN Guo-liang(Zhejiang Ocean University,National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture,Zhoushan 316022,P.R.China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学,国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2023年第5期149-155,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0900401);中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(2021SD08);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2023TD57);财政部和农业农村部—国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-48);广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建专项资金(2023KJ149)。

摘　　要：基于对虾生物絮团集约化养殖尾水含有高浓度硝态氮和磷酸盐的特征,比较分析钝顶螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)、牟氏角毛藻(Chaetocerosmuelleri)、盐藻(Dunaliella sp.)3种微藻在配制尾水中的存活生长状况及其对无机氮磷的去除效果,以期筛选出适宜的微藻用于后续尾水净化技术。采用显微镜计数法测定藻细胞密度,国标法测定总无机氮、氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮和磷酸盐的含量。结果显示,钝顶螺旋藻在试验前后的藻细胞密度变化不大(P>0.05),约为3.32×10^(6)个/mL和5.88×10^(6)个/mL;牟氏角毛藻和盐藻细胞密度有明显增加(P<0.05),分别从初始的4.00×10^(4)个/mL和2.50×10^(5)个/mL升高至试验结束时的1.66×10^(6)个/mL和1.06×10^(7)个/mL。经过16 d试验,钝顶螺旋藻组对硝态氮和总无机氮去除率分别为79.60%和46.06%,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),第8天时对磷酸盐的去除率可高达98.55%;牟氏角毛藻组16 d的磷酸盐去除率为98.25%,显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。研究表明,3种微藻均可在对虾养殖尾水环境中存活,且对尾水氮磷具有较好的净化效果。Using tail waters from an intensive biofloc shrimp aquaculture system with high concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus,we compared the growth of three microalgae species(Spirulina platensis,Chaetoceros muelleri,Dunaliella sp.)in the tail water and their removal of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus.Our aim was to provide data to support screening for and obtaining microalgae that are effective for tail water purification.Tail water collected from the shrimp aquaculture system were adjusted for testing to an N:P ratio of 13:1 after sterilization.Treatments with each algae species and a control group were run in triplicate,with initial microalgae concentrations of 3.32×10^(6)cells/mL in the S.platensis group,2.50×10^(5) cells/mL in the Dunaliella sp.group and 4.00×10^(4)cells/mL in the C.muelleri group.The test lasted for 16 days,and microalgae samples were collected before and after the test to determine changes in the cell density of each microalgae species by microscope counting.The removal of total inorganic nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,and phosphate in the tail water was analyzed by comparing the concentrations of each nutrient on day 0,2,4,6,8 and 16 of the test,using national standard methods.The cell density of S.platensis did not change significantly during the experiment,remaining at~3.32×10^(6)cells/mL(P>0.05).The cell densities of Dunaliella sp.and C.muelleri increased significantly,from initial concentrations of 2.50×10^(5) cells/mL and 4.00×10^(4)cells/mL to final densities 1.06×10^(7) cells/mL and 1.66×10^(6)cells/mL(P<0.05).The removal rates of nitrate nitrogen and total inorganic nitrogen in S.platensis treatment were respectively,79.60%and 46.06%,significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05),and the highest removal rate(98.55%)of phosphate was on day 8.The removal rate of phosphate in C.muelleri treatment was 98.25%on day 16,significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).In conclusion,the three microalgae species grew well in

关 键 词：养殖尾水 钝顶螺旋藻 牟氏角毛藻 盐藻 氮磷营养盐 

分 类 号：X506[环境科学与工程—环境工程]