纳米氧化铬的制备与应用研究进展  

Research progress of preparation and application of nano⁃sized chromium oxide

作　　者：徐恩浩 武开鹏 XU Enhao;WU Kaipeng(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学材料科学与工程学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2023年第10期24-34,共11页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2021YFG0090,2022YFG0098)。

摘　　要：氧化铬(Cr_(2)O_(3))是无机盐行业主要产品之一,广泛应用于化工、冶金、机械等领域,在国民经济中具有重要的作用。大量研究表明,当Cr_(2)O_(3)的粒度达到纳米尺度时,将拥有更多独特效应(如小尺寸效应、表面效应等),为新材料的开发应用提供了新思路。结合近年来国内外在纳米Cr_(2)O_(3)研究与应用领域的最新进展,对纳米Cr_(2)O_(3)的制备方法进行了详细综述,主要包括气相法(化学气相沉积法、微波等离子体法、激光气相沉积法)、湿化学法(沉淀法、微乳液法、溶胶-凝胶法、水热/溶剂热法、模板法)和固相法(固相热分解法、高能球磨法);介绍了纳米Cr_(2)O_(3)在除颜料、耐磨防腐蚀涂层、气敏传感器等传统应用场景以外,在高效催化、新能源材料等新兴领域的应用进展。通过总结对比,提出了将湿化学法与固相法结合规模化制备高稳定纳米Cr_(2)O_(3)有效路径的建议。指出“双碳”目标战略背景下,中国能源结构的快速转型将催生纳米Cr_(2)O_(3)在储能体系用关键材料领域的新应用场景。Chromium oxide(Cr_(2)O_(3)),as one of the main products of inorganic salt industry,is widely used in chemical industry,metallurgy,machinery and other industries,and plays an important role in the national economy.A large number of studies showed that when the particle size of Cr_(2)O_(3) was nanoscale,it would have more unique effects(such as small size effect,surface effect,etc.),which provided new ideas for the development and application of new materials.Based on the latest progress of the research and application of nano Cr_(2)O_(3) both domestically and internationally in recent years,the preparation methods of nano Cr_(2)O_(3) were reviewed in detail,including gas⁃phase method(chemical vapor deposition,microwave plasma method,laser vapor deposition),wet⁃chemical method(precipitation method,microemulsion method,sol-gel method,hydro⁃thermal/solvothermal method,template method)and solid⁃phase method(solid⁃state thermal decomposition,high⁃energy ball milling).In addition to traditional application scenarios such as pigments,wear and corrosion resistance coatings,gas sensors,the application progress of nano⁃sized Cr_(2)O_(3) in emerging fields such as high efficiency catalysis,new energy materials was introduced.Through summarizing and comparing,the suggestion of combination of wet⁃chemical method and solid⁃phase method to achieve large⁃scale preparation of highly stable nano⁃sized Cr_(2)O_(3) was put forward.Moreover,it was pointed out that the transformation of energy structure in China was expected to lead to a new application scenario of nano⁃sized Cr_(2)O_(3) in key materials for energy storage systems under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

关 键 词：氧化铬 纳米颗粒 气相法 湿化学法 固相法 储能 

分 类 号：TQ136.11[化学工程—无机化工]