宁夏荒漠草原不同坡位下油蒿群落多样性及种群点格局分析  

Analysis of Community Diversity and Population Point Pattern of Artemisia ordosica under Different Slopes in Ningxia Desert Steppe

作　　者：武志嘉 刘建康 余殿 张博华 王益涛 黄祥祥 兰慧琴 WU Zhi-jia;LIU Jian-kang;YU Dian;ZHANG Bo-hua;WANG Yi-tao;HUANG Xiang-xiang;LAN Hui-qin(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwestern China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Northwestern China of Ministry of Education,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;School of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021;Ningxia Haba Lake National Nature Reserve Administration,Yanchi 751500)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,银川750021 [3]宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地,银川750021 [4]宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川750021 [5]宁夏哈巴湖国家级自然保护区管理局,盐池751500

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2023年第3期20-26,60,共8页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001117);宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC03025);宁夏大学农学院2022年研究生创新项目(CXXM2022-24)。

摘　　要：【目的】目前,针对宁夏荒漠草原上灌木群落多样性及空间分布格局的研究较少,通过探究宁夏荒漠草原固定沙地不同坡位下典型植被油蒿群落多样性和空间分布,为宁夏荒漠化防治与草地植被修复提供科学依据。【方法】以宁夏盐池县荒漠草原上坡位(L1)、中坡位(L2)、下坡位(L3)等3个不同坡位下的油蒿群落为研究对象,运用丰富度指数、物种多样性指数、均匀度及优势度指数对不同坡位油蒿群落植物多样性进行比较,采用点格局分析中O-ring函数,分析不同坡位下油蒿种群的数量特征和分布类型。【结果】不同坡位下油蒿物种多样性逐渐降低,L1(25种)>L2(15种)>L3(14种),随着坡位的下降,Patrick指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数与Pielou指数呈现出逐渐降低的趋势。不同坡位下油蒿种群在0~1 m尺度范围,为均匀分布;在1~10 m尺度范围,为随机分布。【结论】(1)该地区植物主要由多年生草本和灌木组成,不同坡位显著影响油蒿群落植物多样性。(2)不同坡位下油蒿种群的分布类型基本相同,但其群落优势种有所差别。随着坡位由高到低,植物物种数大小顺序为:L1>L2>L3。(3)不同坡位下油蒿种群数量特征差异显著,在0~20 m的空间尺度上,在小尺度范围内均呈均匀分布,随着空间尺度的增大,逐渐呈随机分布。【Objective】At present,the diversity and spatial distribution pattern of shrub communities in Ningxia desert steppe is less studied.By exploring the diversity and spatial distribution of typical vegetation of Artemisia ordosica under different slopes of fixed sandy land in Ningxia desert steppe,the study will provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of desertification and the restoration of steppe vegetation in Ningxia.【Method】Artemisia ordosica communities in desert steppe of Yanchi county,Ningxia were selected as research objects under three different slope sites,namely uphill(L1),middle slope(L2)and downhill(L3).Richness index,species diversity index,evenness index and dominance index were used to compare plant diversity of Artemisia ordosica communities at different slope sites.O-ring function was used in point pattern analysis.The quantitative characteristics and distribution types of Artemisia ordosica population at different slope locations were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that the diversity of Artemisia ordosica populations gradually decreases in different slope positions,L1(25 species)>L2(15 species)>L3(14 species),and is gradually dominated by perennials.The Patrick richness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Simpson diversity index and Pielou index of Artemisia ordosica populations generally showed a decreasing trend.The distribution of Artemisia ordosica populations in different slope positions is uniform at the 0-1 m scale and random at the 1-10 m scale.【Conclusion】(1)The plants in this area are mainly composed of perennial herbs and shrubs,and different slope positions significantly affect the plant diversity of the Artemisia ordosica community.(2)The distribution types of Artemisia ordosica populations are basically the same at different slope levels,but the dominant species of the communities are different.With the slope position decreased,the number of plant species was in the following order:L1>L2>L3.(3)The population size of Artemisia ordosica differed

关 键 词：荒漠草原 油蒿 分布格局 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]