非生物因子对森林种子更新影响的研究进展  

Study on the Effect of Abiotic Factors on Natural Regeneration of Seeds

作　　者：张海东 黄卫丽 马秀梅[1] 刘艳荣 李泽军 王云霓[1] ZHANG Hai-dong;HUANG Wei-li;MA Xiu-mei;LIU Yan-rong;LI Ze-jun;WANG Yun-ni(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science,Hohhot 010010;Liangcheng County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Liangcheng 013750)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,呼和浩特010010 [2]凉城县林业和草原局,凉城013750

出　　处：《温带林业研究》2023年第3期48-51,共4页Journal of Temperate Forestry Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2012MS03101);内蒙古大青山森林植被水文影响与尺度效应研究;内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院科研能力提升项目。

摘　　要：天然更新是森林自我繁衍的主要策略,影响着森林群落结构及生物多样性的变化与发展。种子更新过程受种源、光照、土壤、水分、温度等非生物因子的影响,也受动物、林下灌草层、病原真菌等生物因子的影响,间伐、火灾等干扰也会影响种子更新。从种源、光照、土壤、枯落物4个非生物因子着手,论证了种子数量和质量对森林种群更新的影响;不同的光照条件影响种子萌发、幼苗形态特征和生理特征的改变;土壤的理化性质直接地、间接地影响种子更新和幼苗的生长;枯落物一方面为种子提供了相对安全的环境,另一方面枯落物对不同种子存在一定的化感作用,影响种子萌发。通过研究种子更新的影响因子,以阐明森林种群更新规律。从不同方面着手研究森林种子更新的特点,以期为种子更新研究提供借鉴和参考。建议重视珍稀濒危物种和生态脆弱区树种的种子更新研究,提高其种子更新能力将有利于生态脆弱区森林质量的提升,更好地保护珍稀濒危物种。种子更新过程复杂,各种因素相互作用、相互影响,今后需要系统地研究种子更新影响因子,重视种子更新各阶段各因子的影响。Natural regeneration is the main strategy for forest self reproduction,affecting the changes and development of forest community structure and biodiversity.The process of seed renewal is influenced by abiotic factors such as seed source,light,soil,moisture,temperature,as well as biological factors such as animals,understory shrub and grass layers,pathogenic fungi,and disturbances such as thinning and fire can also affect seed renewal.This paper discusses the impact of seed quantity and quality on forest population renewal from 4 abiotic factors:source,light,soil,and litter.Different lighting conditions affect changes in seed germination,seedling morphological and physiological characteristics.The physical and chemical properties of soil directly and indirectly affect seed regeneration and seedling growth.On the one hand,litter provides a relatively safe environment for seeds,and on the other hand,litter has certain allelopathic effects on different seeds and affects seed germination.To elucidate the law of forest population renewal by studying the influencing factors of seed renewal.Researchers are studying the characteristics of forest seed regeneration from different perspectives,in order to provide reference and reference for seed regeneration research.It is recommended to attach importance to the research on seed renewal of rare and endangered species and tree species in ecologically fragile areas.Improving their seed renewal ability will be beneficial for improving the quality of forests in ecologically fragile areas and better protecting rare and endangered species.The process of seed renewal is complex,with various factors interacting and influencing each other.In the future,it is necessary to systematically study the influencing factors of seed renewal and pay attention to the impact of various factors in each stage of seed renewal.

关 键 词：种子更新 种源 光照 土壤 枯落物 

分 类 号：S754[农业科学—森林经理学]