世界文化和自然遗产数字化保护及国际新动向  

Digital Conservation of World Cultural and Natural Heritage and New International Trends Thereof

作　　者：杨晨 陈徵羽 YANG Chen;CHEN Zhiyu(College of Architecture and Urban Planning(CAUP),Tongji University)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《风景园林》2023年第10期96-102,共7页Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“基于三维点云数据的遗产景观空间模式识别研究”(编号51608369)。

摘　　要：【目的】在《世界遗产公约》颁布51周年之际,识别世界遗产数字化保护的重点议题,梳理自然与文化遗产数字化保护的实践脉络,分析数字化保护的国际动向,解读数字化转型为世界遗产体系带来的变革性影响。【方法】通过对联合国教科文组织数字图书馆和世界遗产咨询机构数字档案等资源的系统解析和知识图谱构建。【结果】识别了世界自然与文化遗产数字化保护的发展阶段和重点议题,归纳总结了以世界遗产记录与档案、监测与管理、阐释与展示、国际合作与能力建设等四大技术主题、12类技术方法和62个技术工具为核心的数字化保护技术体系。【结论】提出景观遗产数字技术集成与创新、遗产保护数据标准、数字行动规范、数字化可持续能力建设等未来发展的重点方向,为中国深入开展世界遗产数字化保护工作提供参考借鉴。[Objective]Digital conservation is one of the most concerned issues in the field of world heritage in the 21st century.On the occasion of the 51st anniversary of the promulgation of the World Heritage Convention,this research tries to identify the key issues in digital conservation of world heritage,review the digital conservation practice of natural and cultural heritage,and interpret the transformative impact of digital technology on the world heritage system.[Methods]By combing through important international policy documents,official resolutions,and research and project reports related to the digital conservation of world heritage since 1972,this research analyzes the development and innovation of relevant concepts,policies and technologies.The research conducts a systematic analysis on 649 items highly related to digital conservation,which are obtained from authoritative open-access databases,such as the UNESDOC and the digital platform of world heritage consulting agencies,including IUCN Library System,ICCROM Library,ICOMOS Open Archive,etc.Some 7 groups of keywords are adopted for information search,such as“digital heritage”,“data”,“information service”and“information technology”,and CiteSpace,a biliometric analysis software,is used to analyse keyword co-occurrence and clustering relationships of the search results,in order to derive main issues in both natural and cultural heritage.[Results]According to the keyword clustering of the search results from IUCN Library System,the key directions for natural heritage digital conservation may be summarized as follows:1)Survey and management methods for biological and environmental information;2)analysis and sustainable use of natural resources;3)community participation,conservation research and international cooperation based on information sharing.The keyword clustering results of ICCROM Library and ICOMOS Open Archive items show that the research and practice on digital conservation of world heritage mainly focus on traditional cultural heritag

关 键 词：世界遗产 遗产景观 数字化保护 遗产档案 遗产管理 遗产展示 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]