鲜食玉米品种的TOPSIS法综合评价及饲用价值探讨  

Comprehensive evaluation of fresh corn varieties by TOPSIS method and study on feeding value

作　　者：耿智广 张金霞 高钰 李峰 李晓莉 GENG Zhiguang;ZHANG Jinxia;GAO Yu;LI Feng;LI Xiaoli(Qingyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xifeng,Gansu Province 745000,China;Huachi County Vegetable Industry Office,Huachi,Gansu Province 745600,China)

机构地区：[1]庆阳市农业科学研究院,甘肃西峰745000 [2]华池县蔬菜产业办公室,甘肃华池745600

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第19期121-128,共8页China Feed

基　　金：科技部“家养动物种质资源平台庆阳驴遗传材料制作与保存(XXZZ182019254)”;甘肃省青年基金(22JR5RM046);甘肃省玉米产业体系基金项目;庆阳市科技支撑基金A类项目(KZ2015-08);庆阳市科技支撑基金B类项目:混合青贮饲料生产技术集成与研究。

摘　　要：为筛选出既能生产高品质鲜食玉米果穗又有较高饲用价值的鲜食玉米品种,以提高鲜食玉米的综合利用率,本研究引进鲜食玉米品种15个,测定其生长发育、田间综合性状、果穗产量和品质及秸秆产量,在用方差分析各指标的基础上,用K-means算法进行聚类分析,用TOPSIS法进行综合评价,对综合生产能力较好的品种进行营养和饲用价值分析。结果表明:各品种的生产性能比较中,鲜穗产量最高的品种是BM68,达14463.8 kg/hm^(2),其次是FRC,产量达14307 kg/hm^(2),第三位是MT1,产量达13819.5 kg/hm^(2)。鲜食玉米收获后鲜秸秆产量最高的是FRC,达48412.5 kg/hm^(2),其次是CT518,达46669.5 kg/hm^(2),第三是MT1,达40672.5 kg/hm^(2),且三个品种在鲜穗收获后秸秆都表现出较好的持绿性。品质评价总分中CT1、CT518、FRC三个品种最高,均为83分。用K-means算法进行聚类分析将15个品种共分为3类,第1类MT1、BM68、JNJ,第2类CT518、FRC,两类所含品种相对于其他品种,均表现出较好的综合生产能力(果穗产量、品质和饲草产量)。TOPSIS法综合评价中C_(i)排序为C_(FRC)>C_(CT518)>C_(MT1)>C_(JNJ)>C_(BM68)>C_(ZH5)>C_(FRJ)>C_(CT1825)>C_(CT618)>C_(JXN)>C_(MN75)>C_(CT1)>C_(JYN)>C_(SB)>C_(QC1).综合评价前6的品种完全包括了聚类分析的第1类、第2类,其秸秆具较高的饲用价值。其中FRC的粗蛋白质含量达12.886%,6个品种的粗蛋白质含量均在10%以上。相对饲料价值CT518和MT1低于100外,其他4个品种均高于100,饲料价值较高,饲草品质ZH5最高,达151%。In order to screen fresh food corn varieties that can produce high-quality fresh food corn ears and have high feeding value of their straw,so as to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of fresh food corn,15 fresh food corn varieties were introduced in this study,and their growth stage,field comprehensive properties,ear yield and quality,and straw yield were measured.On the basis of various indicators of variance analysis,K-means algorithm was used for cluster analysis,and TOPSIS method was used for comprehensive evaluation.The nutrition and feeding value of varieties with good comprehensive production capacity were analyzed.The results showed that:in the comparison of production performance of each variety,the variety with the highest fresh ear yield was BM68,reaching 14463.8 kg/hm^(2),followed by FRC,reaching 14307 kg/hm^(2),and the third was MT1,reaching 13819.5 kg/hm^(2).After harvest,the highest yield of fresh straw of fresh corn was FRC,reaching 48412.5 kg/hm^(2),followed by CT518,reaching 46669.5 kg/hm^(2),and the third was MT1,reaching 40672.5 kg/hm^(2).In addition,the three varieties showed good green retention after harvest.CT1,CT518 and FRC had the highest total score of 83 points.The 15 varieties were divided into three categories by cluster analysis using K-means algorithm,the first category was MT1,BM68,JNJ,and the second category is CT518,FRC.Compared with other varieties,the two categories of varieties showed better comprehensive production capacity(ear yield,quality and forage yield).C_(i) in TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation was sorted as C_(FRC)>C_(CT518)>C_(MT1)>C_(JNJ)>C_(BM68)>C_(ZH5)>C_(FRJ)>C_(CT1825)>C_(CT618)>C_(JXN)>C_(MN75)>C_(CT1)>C_(JYN)>C_(SB)>C_(QC1).The top 6 varieties in the comprehensive evaluation completely included the first and second categories of cluster analysis.Their straw had high feeding value,in which the crude protein content of FRC was 12.886%,and the crude protein content of 6 varieties was more than 10%.The relative feed value of CT518 and MT1 was lower than 10

关 键 词：鲜食玉米 果穗产量 秸秆产量 综合评价 饲用价值 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]