酵母培养物和活性酵母对湖羊血清生化指标、瘤胃发酵及瘤胃细菌结构与组成的影响  

Effects of yeast culture and active yeast on serum biochemical indexes,rumen fermentation and rumen bacterial structure and composition of Hu sheep

作　　者：武奥林 蔡大亮 彭清洁 周迪 谢绿绿 张彦 戴晋军 WU Aolin;CAI Daliang;PENG Qingjie;ZHOU Di;XIE Lvlv;ZHANG Yan;DAI Jinjun(National key Laboratory for Exploitation and Utilization of Agricultural microbial Resources,Yichang,Hubei Province 443003,China;Hubei key Laboratory of yeast function,Yichang,Hubei Province 443003,China)

机构地区：[1]农业微生物资源发掘与利用全国重点实验室,湖北宜昌443003 [2]酵母功能湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443003

出　　处：《中国饲料》2023年第19期211-219,共9页China Feed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2021YFD1301003)。

摘　　要：为探究酵母培养物与活性酵母对湖羊瘤胃细菌结构与组成的影响,试验以72只湖羊作为试验动物,随机分为三组,对照组(基础日粮,CON)、酵母培养物A组(基础日粮+1%酵母培养物,YCA)、酵母培养物B组(基础日粮+1%酵母培养物+1.0×10^(9) CFU/g活性酵母,YCB),试验结束后每组随机选取6只羊,采集血液及瘤胃液,进行相关分析。结果表明:(1)YCB组湖羊瘤胃液戊酸比例极显著高于CON组和YCA组(P<0.01),氨态氮浓度显著高于CON组(P<0.05);(2)各组间血清生化指标无显著差异(P>0.05);(3)3组瘤胃液样品聚类后共得到1996个OTU,共享823个OTU,各组间α-多样性指数无显著差异(P>0.05);(4)各组测序数据量足够大,可以反映样品中绝大多数的微生物物种信息;(5)在门水平上,共注释到3个优势菌门(丰度>1%),包括拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria),各组间差异不显著(P>0.05);(6)在属水平上,共注释到66个优势菌属(丰度>0.1%),YCA组和YCB组的解琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(7)普雷沃氏菌属相对丰度与血清总蛋白(R=-0.502,P≤0.05)、总胆固醇(R=-0.568,P≤0.05)、戊酸(R=-0.519,P≤0.05)浓度呈显著负相关,未分类的月形单细胞菌科与血清总蛋白(R=0.506,P≤0.05)浓度呈显著正相关,与血清谷丙转氨酶(R=0.604,P≤0.01)浓度呈极显著正相关,瘤胃球菌属与血清谷丙转氨酶(R=0.540,P≤0.05)呈显著正相关,未分类的拟杆菌科RF16群与血清总蛋白(R=-0.479,P≤0.05)呈显著负相关。研究表明,反刍动物日粮中添加酵母培养物和活性酵母,均会对瘤胃菌群产生影响,在添加1%酵母培养物的基础上添加活性酵母更有利于瘤胃发酵和细菌菌群的富集。The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of yeast culture and active yeast on the structure and composition of rumen bacteria in Hu sheep.72 Hu sheep were randomly divided into three groups:control group(basal diet,CON),group A(basal diet+1%yeast culture,YCA)and group B(basal diet+1%yeast culture+1.0×10^(9)CFU/g active yeast,YCB).After the end of the experiment,6 sheep in each group were randomly selected,blood and rumen fluid were collected for correlation analysis.The results showed that:(1)The proportion of valeric acid in rumen fluid of YCB group was extremely significantly higher than that of CON and YCA groups(P<0.01),and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen was significantly higher than that of CON group(P<0.05);(2)There was no significant difference in serum biochemical indexes among the three groups(P>0.05);(3)There were 1996 OTU and shared 823 OTU in rumen fluid samples of three groups,and there was no significant difference inα-diversity index among the three groups(P>0.05);(4)The amount of sequencing data of each group was large enough to reflect the vast majority of microbial species information in the samples;(5)At the phylum level,there were 3 dominant phyla(abundance>1%),including Bacteroidota,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria,and there was no significant difference among the groups(P>0.05);(6)At the genus level,66 dominant genera(abundance>0.1%)were annotated,and the relative abundance of Succiniclasticum in YCA and YCB groups was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);(7)The relative abundance of Prevotella was significant negative correlation with the concentration of serum total protein(R=-0.502,P≤0.05),total cholesterol(R=-0.568,P≤0.05)and valeric acid(R=-0.519,P≤0.05).There was a significant positive correlation between unclassified_Selenomonadaceae and serum total protein(R=0.506,P≤0.05),and an extremely significant positive correlation with serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase(R=0.604,P≤0.01).Ruminococcus was positively correlated with serum glu

关 键 词：酵母培养物 活性酵母 瘤胃发酵参数 血清生化指标 瘤胃细菌 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]