外源物质对低温胁迫下棉花幼苗生长和生理特性的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Substances on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Cotton Seedlings Under Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：任若飞 王自然 赵强[1] 田阳青 李欣欣 REN Ruofei;WANG Ziran;ZHAO Qiang;TIAN Yangqing;LI Xinxin(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第19期23-26,34,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：新疆农业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(2022);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项“机采棉塑型封顶与脱叶催熟技术研究示范”(2020A01002-2)。

摘　　要：为探究外源物质复配对低温胁迫下棉花生长及生理特性的调控效应,以棉花幼苗为试验材料,叶面喷施外源物质α-萘乙酸+脱落酸、α-萘乙酸+硝普钠、脱落酸+硝普钠、α-萘乙酸+脱落酸+硝普钠后,在4℃低温下进行处理,分别于处理0、24、48 h和恢复常温24 h测定棉花幼苗农艺性状和生理指标。结果表明:各外源物质喷施处理在低温胁迫前均不同程度降低棉花幼苗丙二醛含量,经低温胁迫后,喷施α-萘乙酸+脱落酸+硝普钠处理恢复常温24 h棉花幼苗鲜重较喷施蒸馏水对照显著提高了9.09%;在低温处理48 h时,喷施α-萘乙酸+脱落酸+硝普钠处理叶片丙二醛含量与喷施蒸馏水对照相比显著降低5.60%;恢复常温24 h时,喷施脱落酸+硝普钠处理和喷施α-萘乙酸+脱落酸+硝普钠处理叶片丙二醛含量较喷施蒸馏水对照分别降低了6.84%和8.17%,其中喷施α-萘乙酸+脱落酸+硝普钠处理叶绿素含量较喷施蒸馏水对照增加了6.16%。综上所述,喷施α-萘乙酸+脱落酸+硝普钠外源物质组合能有效缓解低温胁迫对棉花幼苗造成的伤害,减轻大田生产中低温冷害造成的不利影响。In order to explore the regulatory effects of exogenous compound on cotton growth and physiological characteristics under low-temperature stress,cotton seedlings were used as experimental materials,and foliage spraying was conducted under 4℃with four treatments,such asα-naphthalene acetic acid+abscisic acid(T1),α-naphthalene acetic acid+sodium nitroprusside(T2),abscisic acid+sodium nitroprusside(T3),α-naphthalene acetic acid+abscisic acid+sodium nitroprusside(T4).Agronomic traits and physiological indicators were measured at 0 h,24 h,48 h,and 24 h after recovery to normal temperature.The results showed that each exogenous substance spraying treatment reduced the malondialdehyde content in cotton seedlings to varying degrees before low-temperature stress.After low-temperature stress,treatment T4 significantly increased the fresh weight of cotton seedlings by 9.09%compared with treatment of spraying distilled water(CK)after 24 hours of recovery to normal temperature.After 48 hours of low-temperature treatment,the leaf malondialdehyde content in treatment T4 significantly decreased by 5.60%compared with CK.After 24 hours of recovery to normal temperature,the leaf malondialdehyde content in treatment T3 and treatment T4 decreased by 6.84%and 8.17%,respectively,compared with CK.Among them,the chlorophyll content of treatment T4 increased by 6.16%compared with CK.In summary,spraying exogenous compound ofα-naphthalene acetic acid+abscisic acid+sodium nitroprusside could effectively alleviate the damage caused by low-temperature stress in cotton seedlings,and alleviate the adverse effects of low-temperature cold damage in field production.

关 键 词：棉花幼苗 低温胁迫 外源物质 生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]