高含硫气井钻完井技术新进展与发展展望  

New progresses and development prospects of drilling and completion technologies of high-sulfur gas wells

作　　者：张智[1] 付建红[1] 白杨[1] 尹虎[1] 赵苑瑾 黄媚[2] ZHANG Zhi;FU Jianhong;BAI Yang;YIN Hu;ZHAO Yuanjin;HUANG Mei(State Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation//Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China)

机构地区：[1]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室·西南石油大学,四川省成都市610500 [2]中国石油西南油气田公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2023年第9期25-33,共9页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“四川盆地深层超深层气井环空带压预防与管控基础研究”(编号:U22A20164);四川省青年科技创新研究团队专项计划项目“油气井建井安全四川省青年科技创新研究团队”(编号:2020JDTD0016);中国石油-西南石油大学创新联合体科技合作项目“深井/超深井/水平井安全高效建井关键基础理论与技术研究”(编号:2020CX040100)。

摘　　要：我国高含硫天然气资源丰富,但普遍具有高温高压和高含腐蚀性气体的特点,在开采过程中容易发生气侵、井涌、管材腐蚀等安全隐患,其安全高效钻完井对保障我国高含硫天然气稳产、增产目标具有重要意义。为此,开展了高含硫天然气气井钻井过程的流体相态特征及井筒压力分析,从井筒压力控制的角度,总结分析了近年来国内外高含硫气井在钻井工艺、钻井液技术以及井筒完整性等方面取得的关键技术突破和新进展,并展望了万米特深井钻完井技术的发展趋势。研究结果表明:①气体溶解度对井筒流动压力影响较大,高含硫气井钻井过程中必须考虑酸性气体溶解特性对井筒多相流动的影响;②精细控压钻井及控压固井技术能精确控制井筒压力在安全密度窗口内,防止钻井过程酸性气体侵入井筒,实现了固井过程压稳不漏;③适用于H2S地层的钻井液技术不但可以稳定井壁、保护储层,还能提高钻井速度;④从井下管柱结构优化设计开始,研究完整性风险定量评价方法和低成本防腐技术,可以实现全生命周期井筒完整性,降低高含硫气井钻完井安全生产风险。结论认为,高含硫气井钻完井技术新进展的系统梳理不仅对推动高含硫天然气藏的安全高效开发具有重要的现实意义,同时也为高含硫气藏深井超深井安全高效钻完井技术发展提供了研究思路和攻关方向。There are abundant high-sulfur natural gas resources in China,but they are generally characterized by high temperature,high pressure,and high corrosive gas content,and their production tends to suffer gas invasion,well kick,pipe corrosion and other safety hazards,so the safe and efficient drilling and completion is of great significance to ensure the stable production and production increase of high-sulfur natural gas in China.In this paper,the fluid phase characteristics and wellbore pressure in the drilling process of high-sulfur natural gas well are analyzed.Then,from the perspective of wellbore pressure control,the domestic and foreign new breakthroughs and progresses in the key technologies for drilling,drilling fluid and wellbore integrity of high-sulfur gas wells in recent years are summarized and analyzed.Finally,the development trend of the drilling and completion technologies for 10000 m deep wells are forecasted.And the following research results are obtained.First,gas solubility has a greater influence on wellbore flow pressure,so in the drilling process of high-sulfur gas well,it is necessary to consider the influence of acid gas solution on the multiphase flow in the wellbore.Second,the precisely managed pressure drilling technology and the managed pressure cementing technology can accurately control the wellbore pressure within the safe density window,so as to prevent acidic gases from entering the wellbore during the drilling,and ensure stable pressure and no leakage during the cementing.Third,the drilling fluid technology suitable for H2S strata is researched and developed,which can not only ensure wellbore stability and reservoir protection,but also improve the rate of penetration.Fourth,the quantitative assessment method of integrity risk and the low-cost anti-corrosion technology are studied with the optimized design of downhole string structure as the beginning point,which can realize the whole-life-cycle wellbore integrity and reduce the safety hazards in the drilling,completion and producti

关 键 词：高含硫 钻井工艺 井筒压力 钻井液 井筒完整性 特深井 

分 类 号：TE24[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程] TE257