具杀虫功能的蛋白类生物材料研究进展  

Research progress of protein-type biological materials with insecticidal function

作　　者：徐重新[1,2] 金嘉凤 沈成 朱庆 张霄 刘媛[1,2] 刘贤金[1,2] XU Chongxin;JIN Jiafeng;SHEN Cheng;ZHU Qing;ZHANG Xiao;LIU Yuan;LIU Xianjin(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety-Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology,Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地--江苏省食品质量安全重点实验室,南京210014 [2]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [3]南京农业大学植物保护学院,南京210023

出　　处：《农药学学报》2023年第5期990-1003,共14页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31630061)及面上项目(31972292);江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20231384).

摘　　要：害虫是威胁农作物生长发育及产品品质的主要风险因素,对其有效防治是保障农作物稳定生产的重要环节。传统依赖化学农药对害虫防治效果显著,但化学农药本身对非靶标生物以及生态环境所造成的持久性危害风险也同样突出。害虫绿色防治是农业可持续发展的必然要求,其中具杀虫功能的蛋白类生物材料因兼具安全性高、可量产药剂及可在转基因抗虫作物应用的多重优势,是害虫绿色防治创新研发和应用的热点。如具备杀虫功能的Bt毒素、凝集素、动物毒素、防御素、蛋白酶抑制剂等蛋白类生物材料在害虫防治上已有深入研究和广泛应用;此外,近年来包括杀虫抗体在内的一些新型杀虫蛋白和相应创新技术也不断涌现,发展极为迅猛。基于此,本文在系统梳理当前成熟的具杀虫功能的蛋白类生物材料研发和应用现状的基础上,结合作者团队在杀虫抗体靶向设计上取得的原创性研究成果和经验,对蛋白类生物杀虫材料潜在的创新研发与应用进行展望,旨在为农业害虫绿色防治研究提供最新文献资料和技术参考。Pests are the main risk factors threatening the growth and development of crops and product quality.Effective control of pests is an important part to ensure the stable production of crops.Traditionally,chemical pesticides have been effective in pest control,but chemical pesticides themselves have also posed a significant risk of persistent damage to non-target organisms and the ecological environment.Pest green control is an inevitable requirement of sustainable agricultural development.Among them,protein-type biological materials with insecticidal function are a hot spot in the innovative research and development and application of pest green control because of their high safety and use in mass production of insecticides and even transgenic insect-resistant crops.For example,the protein-type biological materials with insecticidal function such as Bt toxin,lectin,venom,defensin and protease inhibitor,have been intensively studied and widely applied in pest control.In addition,in recent years,some new insecticidal proteins including insecticidal antibodies and corresponding innovative technologies,have been emerging and developing rapidly.In this paper,the potential innovative research and development and application of protein-type biological materials with insecticidal function are prospected,of which on the basis of systematically reviewing the current research and development and application status of them,and combining the original research results and experience of the author's team in the targeting design of insecticidal antibodies.The aims to provide the latest literature and technical reference for the green control of agricultural pests.

关 键 词：杀虫蛋白 BT毒素 凝集素 动物毒素 防御素 蛋白酶抑制剂 

分 类 号：TQ453[化学工程—农药化工]