植物生长调节剂复配对棉花生长及内源激素的影响  

Effect of plant growth regulator compounding on growth and endogenous hormones in cotton

作　　者：王文浩 王丹[1,2] 宋贤鹏 马亚杰 马小艳[1,2] 吴长才 杨君[3] 马艳 WANG Wenhao;WANG Dan;SONG Xianpeng;MA Yajie;MA Xiaoyan;WU Changcai;YANG Jun;MA Yan(National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization,Institute of Cotton Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Anyang 455000,Henan Province,China;Western Agricultural Research Center,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changji 831100,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,China;College of Agriculture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院棉花研究所棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室,河南安阳455000 [2]中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉831100 [3]河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《农药学学报》2023年第5期1093-1103,共11页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1400300);中国农业科学院科技创新工程;现代农业产业技术体系专项资金;棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室开放课题基金.

摘　　要：为探明不同植物生长调节剂组合施用对棉花生长发育的影响,以中棉所117为供试品种,选用甲哌鎓与低、中、高浓度的胺鲜酯、24-表芸苔素内酯及调环酸钙进行复配施用,通过随机区组试验,于棉花初花期至盛花期进行3次喷施,分析喷施后对其农艺性状、干物质积累、产量及品质等指标的影响。结果表明:98%甲哌鎓可溶性粉剂45 g/hm^(2)+5%胺鲜酯可溶性液剂120 mL/hm^(2)和98%甲哌鎓可溶性粉剂45 g/hm^(2)+10%调环酸钙悬浮剂450 mL/hm^(2)两个复配对棉花均表现出了良好的控旺效果,增加了果枝数与主茎直径,同时促进了棉株结铃;98%甲哌鎓可溶性粉剂45g/hm^(2)+5%胺鲜酯可溶性液剂120 mL/hm^(2)复配施用显著提高了棉花的籽棉产量、每公顷铃数及单铃重,且对整齐度有一定提升;调控内源赤霉素升高,吲哚乙酸与脱落酸含量降低,有助于实际生产中的增产提质;98%甲哌鎓可溶性粉剂45 g/hm^(2)+10%调环酸钙悬浮剂450 mL/hm^(2)显著增加了棉花地上部分的干物质积累量及生殖器官的干物质分配比例;调控脱落酸含量升高,有效促进营养向生殖器官传输。研究表明,98%甲哌鎓可溶性粉剂45 g/hm^(2)+5%胺鲜酯可溶性液剂120 mL/hm^(2)和98%甲哌鎓可溶性粉剂45 g/hm^(2)+10%调环酸钙悬浮剂450 mL/hm^(2)复配处理棉花可以通过调控内源激素来实现性状控制与产量增加,在生产中具有实际应用的价值。In order to investigate the effects of different combinations of plant growth regulators on the growth and development of cotton,Zhongmiansuo 117 was used as the test variety,and mepiquat was used to combine with low,medium,and high concentrations of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate,24-epibrassinolide and prohexadione calcium in a randomized block group trial,and three sprays were carried out from the early to the full bloom stage of cotton to analyze the effects of the spraying on cotton agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,yield,and quality and other indexes.The results showed that:mepiquat 98%SP 45 g/hm^(2)+diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5%SL 120 mL/hm^(2) and mepiquat 98%SP 45 g/hm^(2)+prohexadione calcium 10%SC 450 mL/hm^(2) showed a good effect on stemming control,increased the number of fruiting shoots and the diameter of the main stems,and promoted the bolling of cotton plants.The combination of mepiquat 98%SP 45 g/hm^(2)+diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5%SL 120 mL/hm^(2) significantly increased the seed cotton yield,the number of bolls per hectare and the weight of single bolls,and also improved the degree of neatness to a certain extent;the endogenous GA3 increased,and the IAA and ABA decreased,which helped to increase the quality of the yield in the actual production.The combination of mepiquat 98%SP 45 g/hm^(2)+prohexadione calcium 10%SC 450 mL/hm^(2) significantly increased the amount of aboveground dry matter accumulation and dry matter distribution ratio of reproductive organs.It also regulated the increase of endogenous ABA and effectively promoted nutrient transfer to reproductive organs.The study showed that the combination of mepiquat 98%SP 45 g/hm^(2)+diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5%SL 120 mL/hm^(2) and mepiquat 98%SP 45 g/hm^(2)+prohexadione calcium 10%SC 450 mL/hm^(2) could realize the trait control and yield increase through the endogenous hormone regulation,which is of practical application in production.

关 键 词：植物生长调节剂 复配 棉花 干物质积累 产量 内源激素 

分 类 号：S562.04[农业科学—作物学]