厚松散层薄基岩下开采地表变形规律——以鲁南矿区为例  

Surface deformation law of mining under thick loose layer and thin bedrock:taking the southern Shandong Mining Area as an example

作　　者：刘辉[1,2] 李玉 苏丽娟 朱晓峻[1,2] 张鹏飞 姚明明[1,2] 王金正 王庆伟 司光亚 LIU Hui;LI Yu;SU Lijuan;ZHU Xiaojun;ZHANG Pengfei;YAO Mingming;WANG Jinzheng;WANG Qingwei;SI Guangya(College of Resources and Environment Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Mine Ecological Remediation,Hefei 230601,China;School of Mathematical Sciences,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;Guotun Coal Mine,Luxi Mining Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Energy Group,Heze 274700,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽省矿山生态修复工程实验室,安徽合肥230601 [3]安徽大学数学科学学院,安徽合肥230601 [4]山东能源集团鲁西矿业有限公司郭屯煤矿,山东菏泽274700

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2023年第9期11-23,共13页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174156,51874005);安徽省高校协同创新资助项目(GXXT-2020-055)。

摘　　要：我国东部厚松散层薄基岩矿区开采地表沉陷普遍具有下沉量大、移动范围广、稳沉时间长等特征。本文以鲁南矿区某煤矿为例,探讨了不同松散层与基岩厚度比条件下煤层开采的地表变形参数变化规律,在现场实测的基础上,采用FLAC3D数值模拟技术,建立不同松基比(0.25~5.00)条件下煤层开采的地表变形计算模型,研究了地表变形特征,分析了松基比对概率积分法参数的影响,并从开采沉陷的角度对厚松散层薄基岩条件进行了定量分析与探讨。研究表明:(1)在开采厚度相同条件下,当松基比不断增大时,地表变形量呈明显的先增大后减小特征,在松基比达到某一限值后,地表变形趋于稳定;(2)下沉系数、水平移动系数和主要影响角正切均随着松基比增大表现为先增大后减小的关系,松基比拐点分别为1.75、1.25和1.25;(3)松散层厚度在平均采深中所占的比例对移动角、边界角具有较大的影响,边界角、移动角随着松基比的增大逐渐减小。基于上述研究,提出将松基比为1.25~1.75作为厚松散层薄基岩条件的临界值,为我国东部典型厚松散层薄基岩矿区地表变形预计和开采沉陷灾害防控提供了理论基础。The surface subsidence in the thick loose layer and thin bedrock mining area in the east of China has the characteristics of large subsidence value,wide movement range and long settling time.Taking a coal mine in Southern Shandong Mining Area as an example,this paper discusses the variation rules of coal seam mining surface deformation parameters under different loose layer and bedrock thickness ratio conditions,on the basis of field measurements,using FLAC3D,and establishes a surface deformation calculation model for coal seam mining under the conditions of different loose layer bedrock thickness ratios(0.25−5.00),studies the characteristics of surface deformation,analyzed the influence of ratio of loose layer thickness to bedrock thickness on the parameters of probability integral method,and quantitatively analyzed and discussed the conditions of thick loose layer and thin bedrock from the perspective of mining subsidence.Research shows:①Under the same mining thickness conditions,when the ratio of loose layer thickness to bedrock thickness increases,the surface deformation amount obviously increases first and then decrease,when the ratio reaches a certain limit,the ground surface deformation tends to be stabilized;②The subsidence coefficient,the horizontal movement coefficient and the tangent of the main influence angle all increase first and then decreases,and the inflection point is 1.75,1.25 and 1.25,respectively;③The proportion of loose bed thickness in the average mining depth has great influence on the angle of draw and boundary angle.The boundary angle and the angle of draw gradually decrease with the increase of the ratio.Based on the above research,it is proposed that the ratio of 1.25−1.75 is the critical value for the condition of thick loose bedding and thin bedrock,which provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the prediction of surface deformation and the prevention and control of mining subsidence disasters in typical thick loose layer thin bedrock mining areas in easter

关 键 词：厚松散层 薄基岩 地表变形 概率积分法 沉陷 松基比 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]