纳米氧化锌对牛粪厌氧消化水解酸化进程的影响研究  

Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Hydrolysis Acidification during Cattle Manure Anaerobic Digestion

作　　者：齐路晴 刘旭娜 卢媛媛 杨平[1] 庞丽娜[1,2] QI Luqing;LIU Xuna;LU Yuanyuan;YANG Ping;PANG Lina(College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;School of Engineering,the University of Edinburgh,Edinburgh,EH93JL,UK)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川成都610065 [2]爱丁堡大学工程学院,英国爱丁堡EH93JL

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第10期54-62,共9页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079094);水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室项目(2020LF1003/2019HLG01)。

摘　　要：为深入探讨新型饲料添加剂纳米氧化锌(zinc oxide nanoparticles,ZnO NPs)残留对畜禽粪便水解酸化进程的动态影响及相关深层机制,该研究以不同ZnO NPs浓度残留的牛粪为研究对象,采用16S rRNA高通量测序表征牛粪厌氧消化水解酸化过程中功能菌群的变化,并结合水解酸化产物及累积甲烷产量的变化特性,揭示ZnO NPs对牛粪厌氧消化水解酸化进程的影响及机制。结果表明:在5、10和30 mg/g总固体(TS)的ZnO NPs存在下,厌氧消化体系中溶解性有机物含量显著增加(P<0.05),挥发性脂肪酸的含量在5 mg/g TS ZnO NPs组中大量积累,显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。不同功能菌属对ZnO NPs浓度的响应存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中5 mg/g TS的ZnO NPs更有利于Herbinix、Caproiciproducens、Tepidanaerobacter、Clostridium_sensu_stricto_7和Ureibacillus等水解酸化功能菌属的生长富集,而高浓度ZnO NPs(30和100 mg/g TS)则会对水解、酸化功能菌属产生严重抑制,且ZnO NPs浓度越高,抑制作用越强。由此可见,较高ZnO NPs可通过减少水解酸化功能菌属的相对丰度对牛粪水解酸化过程产生不利影响,实际生产中应避免ZnO NPs在畜禽粪便中的残留。In order to further explore the dynamic effects of new feed additive zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)residues on the process of hydrolysis and acidification of livestock and poultry manure and related mechanisms,this study took cattle manure with different concentrations of ZnO NPs as the research object,used 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing to characterize the changes of functional microbial community during hydrolysis and acidification processes in anaerobic digestion of cattle manure,and combined the profiles of hydrolysis and acidification products and cumulative methane production to reveal the influence and mechanism of ZnO NPs on these processes.Results showed that in the presence of 5,10,and 30 mg/g TS of ZnO NPs,the content of dissolved organic matter in the anaerobic digestion system increased significantly(P<0.05),and the content of volatile fatty acids accumulated in a large amount in the group with ZnO NPs of 5 mg/g TS,which was significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05).Besides,significant differences in the community of different functional bacterial genera to the concentration of ZnO NPs(P<0.05)were obtained.Also,ZnO NPs at 5 mg/g TS was found to be more conducive to the growth of functional bacterial genera involved in hydrolytic acidification,such as Herbinix,Caproiciproducens,Tepidanaerobacter,Clostridium_sensu_stricto_7,and Ureibacillus.While high concentrations of ZnO NPs(30 and 100 mg/g TS)severely inhibited the enrichment and expression of hydrolytic and acidifying functional genera,and the higher the ZnO NPs concentration,the stronger inhibition existed.Therefore,it can be seen that ZnO NPs with higher concentrations can adversely affect the hydrolysis and acidification of cattle manure by reducing the relative abundance of hydrolytic acidification functional bacteria,thus,in practice,the residue of ZnO NPs in livestock and poultry manure should be avoided as much as possible.

关 键 词：纳米氧化锌 畜禽粪便 厌氧消化 水解酸化 细菌群落结构 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学] X713[农业科学—畜牧兽医]