烷基次膦酸盐/磷杂菲协效阻燃PA66性能的影响  

Effect of Alkyl Phosphonates/Phosphozapene on Synergistic Flame Retardant Properties of PA66

作　　者：许松江 杨光 祁钰昭 向宇姝 张道海 宝冬梅[1] 杨照 Xu Songjiang;Yang Guang;Qi Yuzhao;Xiang Yushu;Zhang Daohai;Bao Dongmei;Yang Zhao(School of Chemical Engineering,Guizhou Minzu University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Institute of Materials Industry Technology,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学化学工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省材料产业技术研究院,贵阳550014

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2023年第9期152-157,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52163001,51863004);贵州省省级科技计划项目(CXTD[2021]005)。

摘　　要：为提高尼龙66(PA66)的阻燃性能、热稳定性能以及综合力学性能,以二异丁基次膦酸铝盐(APBA)为阻燃剂,9,10-二氢-9,10-二氧杂-10-磷菲-10-氧杂-2,3-环氧丙烷(DIDOPO)为协效剂,通过熔融共混制备无卤阻燃PA66复合材料。并通过垂直燃烧测试(UL94)、极限氧指数测试(LOI)、热重(TG)分析仪以及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段研究了材料的阻燃性能、热稳定性、力学性能及成炭性能。结果表明,单独添加APBA阻燃剂时,复合材料的LOI值和阻燃等级随着阻燃剂的增多而增加,当APBA添加质量分数达到15%时,其阻燃复合材料可通过UL94 V-0阻燃等级,LOI值达到了34.6%,残炭量小于1%,显示其具有一定的气相阻燃作用,但其力学性较纯PA66有明显下降,其中拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度分别下降了22.31%,3.15%,24.00%。进一步研究发现:PA66/15%(APBA+DIDOPO)(2∶1)复合材料的UL94垂直燃烧也可达V-0级,LOI值为35.4%;残炭量高达8.55%,较PA66/15%APBA复合材料相比,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高了11.27%,1.62%。说明DIDOPO的加入,提升了复合材料在凝聚相的阻燃作用,有较好的协效阻燃作用,且复配阻燃较单一阻燃复合材料的力学性能更加优异。In order to improve the flame retardant,thermal stability and comprehensive mechanical properties of nylon 66(PA66),halogen-free flame retardant PA66 composites were prepared by melt blending with aluminum diisobutylphosphinate(APBA)as flame retardant and 9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxa-2,3-epoxypropane(DIDOPO)as synergistic flame retardant.The flame retardant properties,thermal stability,mechanical properties and charring properties of the materials were studied by means of vertical combustion test(UL94),limiting oxygen index(LOI)test,thermogravimetric(TG)analyzer and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results show that when APBA flame retardant is added alone,the LOI value and flame retardant grade of the composite increase with the increase of flame retardant.When the addition amount of APBA reach 15%,the flame retardant composite could pass the UL94 V-0 flame retardant grade,the LOI value reach 34.6%,and the carbon residue is less than 1%,indicating that it has a certain gas phase flame retardant effect,but its mechanical properties are significantly lower than those of pure PA66.The tensile strength,bend strength and impact strength are decreased by 22.31%,3.15%and 24.00%,respectively.Further study found that the UL94 vertical combustion of PA66/15%(APBA+DIDOPO)(2∶1)composites can also reach UL94 V-0 level,and the LOI value is 35.4%.Compared with PA66/15%APBA composites,the tensile and bend strength of PA66/15%APBA composites are increased by 11.27%and 1.62%respectively.It shows that the addition of DIDOPO improves the flame retardant effect of the composite material in the condensed phase,has a good synergistic flame retardant effect,and the mechanical properties of the composite flame retardant composite are better than those of the single flame retardant composite.

关 键 词：尼龙66 二异丁基次膦酸铝盐 9 10-二氢-9 10-二氧杂-10-磷菲-10-氧杂-2 3-环氧丙烷 复配 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.6[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]