基于田块尺度的冀北山区矿区周边农田土壤重金属污染特征及安全利用修复策略研究  

Characteristics and remediation strategy of heavy metal polluted agricultural soil near a mine in Northern Hebei Province based on field scale

作　　者：孙德尧 薛忠财 韩兴 杨越[1] 薛忠帅 SUN De-yao;XUE Zhong-cai;HAN Xing;YANG Yue;XUE Zhong-shuai(Department of Resources and Environmental Science,Hebei Normal University for Nationalities,Chengde 067000,China;Hohhot General Survey of Natural Resources Center,China Geological Survey,Hohhot 010000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北民族师范学院资源与环境科学学院,河北承德067000 [2]中国地质调查局呼和浩特自然资源综合调查中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《环境生态学》2023年第9期11-18,共8页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：为探究矿区周边农田土壤、农作物的重金属污染状况,同时为矿区农田土壤修复提供参考,选取冀北山区某矿区内农田作为研究对象,采集土壤样品65个,农作物样品(可食用部分)21个,地下水和地表水样品各3个。分析测定Cd、Pb、Cu、Cr等重金属含量,研究该区域土壤、农作物籽粒重金属含量特征,并对重金属风险进行了初步评价。结果表明,农田所有样点4种重金属均超出风险筛选值,其中Cd、Pb污染相对显著,部分高粱、谷子存在Cd、Pb超标情况;重金属元素空间分布上存在明显差异,北部高于南部;单项潜在生态风险系数依次为Cd>Pb>Cu>Cr;综合潜在生态风险主要为轻微风险,总体污染相对较轻,Cd是农田土壤风险的主要贡献因子;从健康风险评价结果来看,虽然存在Cd含量超标情况,但未对人体健康构成风险。建议采取钝化修复技术,降低土壤重金属活性。同时选择种植重金属低累计植物,阻止重金属向食物链中迁移,降低其生物可利用性,从而降低土壤重金属含量、减少对人类健康的伤害。To investigate the heavy metal pollution status of farmland soil and crops around the mining area,and provide reference for soil remediation in the mining area,a certain farmland in a mountainous area of Northern Hebei was selected as the research area,65 soil surface samples,21 crop samples(edible part),3 groundwater and surface water samples were collected.The heavy metal content of Cd,Pb,Cu,Cr was analyzed,and the characteristics of heavy metal content of soil and crop grains in this region were studied,and the risk of heavy metal was preliminarily evaluated.Results showed that:Cd,Pb,Cu and Cr exceed the national agricultural land soil pollution risk screening value,and Cd and Pb pollution was relatively significant,and some Cd and Pb exceeded the standard in sorghum and millet;There were obvious differences in the spatial distribution of the heavy metal elements,the north was higher than the south;The individual potential ecological risk coefficients were Cd>Pb>Cu>Cr;The comprehensive potential ecological risks were mainly minor risks,and the overall pollution was relatively light.Cd was the main contributing factor;According to the health risk assessment results,although there was a situation of Cd content exceeding the standard,it did not pose a risk to human health.It is recommended to adopt passivation remediation technology to reduce soil heavy metal activity.At the same time,planting plants with low accumulation of heavy metals to prevent their migration into the food chain,reduce their bioavailability,and thereby reduce soil heavy metal content and harm to human health.

关 键 词：土壤 农作物 重金属 污染评价 策略 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]