引黄灌区泥沙还田对土壤理化性质及土壤风蚀的影响  

The Effect of Returning Sediment to the Field on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Soil Wind Erosion

作　　者：王卫华 马鑫 赵卉鑫 WANG Weihua;MA Xin;ZHAO Huixin(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Water Conservancy Research Institute,Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院,呼和浩特010052

出　　处：《广东水利水电》2023年第9期92-97,105,共7页Guangdong Water Resources and Hydropower

基　　金：内蒙古自治区水利科技项目(编号:NSK202001);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化专项项目(编号:2019CG008);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(编号:2019GG022)。

摘　　要：黄河水含沙量大,引黄灌区在引用黄河水的同时会引入泥沙,引沙引水矛盾突出。为了解决泥沙淤积问题,将泥沙“变废为宝”进行资源化利用,该文对河道清淤泥沙还田处理进行了研究,通过大田试验和室内风蚀试验相结合的方式,得出以下结论:泥沙还田对0~40 cm土层含水率有提高效果,而对40~80 cm土层含水率无影响;泥沙还田降低了土壤起动风速,随着还田量的增大起动风速减小,C3(掺沙2000 kg/亩)起动风速为4.8 m/s,较CK降低了14.5%。风速为12 m/s时,各掺沙处理土壤风蚀量均大于CK处理,风蚀量从大到小依次为C3>C2>C1>CK,C1、C2、C3风蚀量分别较CK增大了6.5%、11.0%、96.8%。随着坡度的变化,各处理风蚀量随坡度呈现升高-降低-升高的变化趋势。The Yellow River water has a large amount of sand,and sediment will be introduced into the Yellow River irrigation area when the Yellow River water is used,and the contradiction between sand and water diversion is prominent.In order to solve the problem of sediment deposition and make use of the sediment as resources,this paper will return the dredged sediment to the field.Through the combination of field test and indoor wind erosion test,the following conclusions are drawn:sediment return to the field can improve the moisture content of 0~40cm soil layer,but has no effect on the moisture content of 40~80cm soil layer.With the increase of the amount of sediment returned to the field,the starting wind speed decreased.The starting wind speed of C3(2000kg/mu of sand)was 4.8m/s,which was 14.5%lower than that of CK.When the wind speed is 12m/s,the wind erosion of all sand-mixing treatments is greater than that of CK treatment,and the wind erosion is C3>C2>C1>CK from large to small,and the wind erosion of C1,C2 and C3 increases by 6.5%,11.0%and 96.8%compared with CK,respectively.With the change of slope,the wind erosion of each treatment showed an increasing—decreasing—increasing trend.

关 键 词：泥沙淤积 泥沙利用 土壤理化性质 土壤风蚀 土壤含水率 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]