不同日龄阉割对河田鸡屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质及脂肪酸组成的影响  

Effects of Caponization at Different Ages on Slaughter Performance,Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Composition of Breast Muscle of Hetian Chickens

作　　者：李忠荣[1] 邱其华 邱华玲[1] 刘庆长 刘景[1] 陈鑫珠[1] 林勤[1] LI Zhongrong;QIU Qihua;QIU Hualing;LIU Qingchang;LIU Jing;CHEN Xinzhu;LIN Qin(Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China;Animal Health Supervision Institute of Changting County,Fujian Province,Longyan 366300,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福州350013 [2]长汀县动物卫生监督所,龙岩366300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第9期5663-5673,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益类专项(2016R1022⁃3);福建省科技计划公益类专项(2020R1026003)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同日龄阉割对河田鸡屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质及脂肪酸组成的影响。选取40日龄河田鸡公鸡400羽,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复25羽。对照组公鸡不阉割,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组公鸡分别于40、60及80日龄实施手术阉割。对照组、试验组全程饲喂相同的饲粮,饲养至170日龄。分别于140及170日龄,每个重复随机取3只河田鸡测定其屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质及脂肪酸组成。结果显示:1)试验组140及170日龄屠宰率、胸肌率与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05),腿比率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组170日龄全净膛率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组140及170日龄腹脂率、皮下脂肪厚度及肌间脂肪宽度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)试验组140及170日龄胸肌pH、剪切力均显著小于对照组(P<0.05),胸肌肌内脂肪(IMF)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组140及170日龄胸肌肉色值、滴水损失、蛋白质及肌苷酸(IMP)含量与对照组差异均不显著(P>0.05)。3)试验组140及170日龄胸肌中C16∶0、C18∶1n9c含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),C20∶4n6c含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组170日龄胸肌中C18∶3n3c含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但C18∶0、C20∶0、C20∶3n6c及C20∶5n3c含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组140及170日龄胸肌中C16∶1n7c、C18∶2n6c、C20∶1n9c、C20∶2n6c及C22∶6n3c含量与对照组差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)3个试验组之间屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质及脂肪酸组成差异均不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,阉割对河田鸡全净膛率、腿比率、腹脂率以及胸肌pH、剪切力、肌内脂肪和主要脂肪酸含量有显著影响,不同日龄(40、60及80日龄)阉割对河田鸡屠宰性能、胸肌肉品质及脂肪酸组成无显著影响,阉割后170日龄胸肌IMF、IMP含量均高于140日龄,建议河田鸡阉公鸡上市日龄为170日龄。This trial was conducted to investigate the effects of caponization at different ages on slaughter per-formance,meat quality and fatty acid composition of breast muscle of Hetian chickens.A total of 400 forty-day-old Hetian chicken cockerels were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 4 replicates of 25 birds.Except the control group(intact cockerels),surgical caponization was done for cockerels in experimental groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢat 40,60 and 80 days of age,respectively.All birds were fed the same diet ad libitum until reached 170 days of age.Three birds per replicate were sacrificed to determine slaughter performance,meat quality and fatty acid composition of breast muscle at 140 and 170 days of age,respectively.The results showed as fol-lows:1)no significant differences were found in dressed percentage and breast muscle percentage at 140 and 170 days of age between experimental groups and control group(P>0.05),however,the quarter yield per-centage of experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The percent-age of eviscerated yield at 170 days of age of experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the con-trol group(P<0.05).The percentage of abdominal fat yield,subcutaneous fat thickness and intermuscular fat width at 140 and 170 days of age of experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).2)Significant lower pH and shear force of breast muscle at 140 and 170 days of age for ex-perimental groups than control group were observed(P<0.05),but intramuscular fat(IMF)content of breast muscle was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).No significant differences in breast muscle color value,drip loss,the contents of protein and inosinic acid(IMP)at 140 and 170 days of age were seen between experimental groups and control group(P>0.05).3)The contents of C16∶0 and C18∶1n9c in breast muscle at 140 and 170 days of age of experimental groups were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),however,C

关 键 词：河田鸡 阉割 屠宰性能 肉品质 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]