饲粮类型与调质温度对肉兔颗粒饲料加工质量和营养物质表观消化率的影响  

Effects of Diet Type and Conditioning Temperature on Pellet Feed Processing Quality and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility in Meat Rabbits

作　　者：张叶 李双江 田刚[1,2] 刘光芒 赵华[1,2] 贾刚 蔡景义[1,2] ZHANG Ye;LI Shuangjiang;TIAN Gang;LIU Guangmang;ZHAO Hua;JIA Gang;CAI Jingyi(Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室,成都611130 [2]动物抗病营养四川省重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第9期5954-5963,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0071)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮类型与调质温度对肉兔颗粒饲料加工质量和营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验采用2×2两因素试验设计,2个因素分别为饲粮类型和调质温度,其中饲粮类型分别为常规型饲粮(以玉米、豆粕和苜蓿草粉为主要原料)和非常规型饲粮(以小麦次粉和米糠粕替代玉米,菜籽粕和葵花籽粕替代豆粕,花生秧粉和稻壳粉替代苜蓿草粉),调质温度分别为80和90℃。选取49日龄体重相近的杂交肉兔80只,随机分配到4个组,每组10个重复,每个重复2只。试验预试期7 d,收粪4 d。结果表明:1)与常规型饲粮相比,非常规型饲粮颗粒饲料容重、硬度和蛋白质溶解度显著降低(P<0.05),颗粒饲料含粉率、粉化率和淀粉糊化度显著提高(P<0.05)。与80℃调质温度相比,90℃调质温度显著降低颗粒饲料容重和粉化率(P<0.05),显著提高颗粒饲料蛋白质溶解度和淀粉糊化度(P<0.05)。饲粮类型与调质温度对颗粒饲料容重、含粉率、粉化率和蛋白质溶解度存在显著互作效应(P<0.05),对颗粒饲料硬度和淀粉糊化度无显著互作效应(P>0.05)。2)与常规型饲粮相比,非常规型饲粮干物质(DM)、总能(GE)、粗蛋白质(CP)、粗灰分(Ash)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)的表观消化率显著降低(P<0.05),粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和淀粉的表观消化率无显著差异(P>0.05)。与80℃调质温度相比,90℃调质温度显著提高ADL的表观消化率(P<0.05),显著降低Ash和P的表观消化率(P<0.05);调质温度对DM、GE、CP、EE、CF、NDF、ADF、Ca和淀粉的表观消化率无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮类型与调质温度对ADL的表观消化率存在显著互作效应(P<0.05)。3)与常规型饲粮相比,非常规型饲粮天冬氨酸(Asp)、丝氨酸(Ser)、丙氨酸(Ala)、缬氨酸(Val)、蛋氨酸(Met)、亮氨酸(Leu)、酪氨酸(Tyr)、苯丙氨酸(Phe)、赖氨酸(Lys)、组氨酸(HiThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of diet type and conditioning temperature on pellet feed processing quality and nutrient apparent digestibility in meat rabbits.A 2×2 two-factor experimental design was used,in which the two factors were diet type and conditioning temperature,the diet types were conventional diet(corn,soybean meal and alfalfa meal as the main raw materials)and unconventional diet(corn was replaced with wheat middlings and rice bran meal,soybean meal was replaced with rapeseed meal and sunflower seed meal,and alfalfa meal was replaced with peanut vine powder and rice hull powder),and the conditioning temperatures were 80 and 90℃,respectively.A total of 80 hybrid meat rabbits of 49-day-old with similar body weight were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 replicates in each group and 2 rabbits in each replicate.The rabbits were pre-fed for 7 days and collected feces for 4 days.The results showed as fol-lows:1)compared with the conventional diet,the unconventional diet significantly decreased the bulk density,hardness and protein solubility of pellet feed(P<0.05),and significantly increased the meal content,percent-age of powdered and starch gelatinization of pelleted feed(P<0.05).Compared with the conditioning tempera-ture of 80℃,the conditioning temperature of 90℃significantly decreased the bulk density and percentage of powdered of pellet feed(P<0.05),and significantly increased the protein solubility and starch gelatinization of pellet feed(P<0.05).Diet type and conditioning temperature had significant interaction effects on the bulk density,meal content,percentage of powdered and protein solubility of pellet feed(P<0.05),but had no sig-nificant interaction effects on the hardness and starch gelatinization of pellet feed(P>0.05).2)Compared with compared with the conventional diet,the unconventional diet significantly decreased the apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM),gross energy(GE),crude protein(CP),crude ash(Ash),acid detergent fiber(ADF),acid detergent lign

关 键 词：饲粮类型 调质温度 肉兔 颗粒质量 营养物质表观消化率 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]