不同青贮添加剂和青贮时间对全株谷草青贮营养价值的影响  

Effects of Different Silage Additives and Silage Time on Nutritional Value of Whole⁃Plant Millet Silage

作　　者：王志远 沈宜钊 薄玉琨 徐宏建 李妍[5,6] 赵晓静 霍子韩[1] 任帅 王美美 孙凤莉[8] 赵一安 李建国[1,2,3,6] 冯志华 高艳霞[1,2,3,6] WANG Zhiyuan;SHEN Yizhao;BO Yukun;XU Hongjian;LI Yan;ZHAO Xiaojing;HUO Zihan;REN Shuai;WANG Meimei;SUN Fengli;ZHAO Yian;LI Jianguo;FENG Zhihua;GAO Yanxia(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Key Laboratory of Healthy Breeding in Dairy Cattle(Co-Construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Baoding 071001,China;Hebei Technology Innovation Center of Cattle and Sheep Embryo,Baoding 071001,China;Zhangjiakou Animal Husbandry Workstation,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;Hebei Dairy Industry Technology Research Institute,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Baoding Vocational and Technical College,Baoding 071001,China;Hebei Institute of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,Baoding 071001,China;Zhangjiakou Rural Cooperative Economic Operation and Management Station,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定071001 [2]农业农村部奶牛健康养殖重点实验室(部省共建),保定071001 [3]河北省牛羊胚胎技术创新中心,保定071001 [4]张家口畜牧工作站,张家口075000 [5]河北农业大学动物医学院,保定071001 [6]河北省乳制品产业技术研究院,石家庄050000 [7]保定职业技术学院,保定071001 [8]河北省畜牧兽医研究所,保定071001 [9]张家口市农村合作经济经营管理站,张家口075000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第9期6072-6086,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部-国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS36);河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队项目(HBCT2018120203);河北省重点研发项目(20326606D);河北农业大学精准畜牧学科群建设项目(1090064)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究不同青贮添加剂和青贮时间对全株谷草青贮营养成分、发酵品质和康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)组分的影响。以灌浆期的全株谷草为原料进行青贮,试验共设4个组,分别为对照组(CK组)、菌酶复合制剂组(XL组,含植物乳杆菌、布氏乳杆菌、戊糖片球菌和纤维素酶,有效活菌数≥1.0×10^(10) CFU/g)、菌制剂1组(BL组,含布氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌和戊糖片球菌,有效活菌数≥5.5×10^(10) CFU/g)、菌制剂2组(HY组,含枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌和产朊假丝酵母,有效活菌数≥1.0×10^(9) CFU/g),每组5个重复。在青贮45、60、75、90 d时开桶取样,对全株谷草青贮进行营养成分、发酵品质和CNCPS组分进行测定。结果表明:1)XL、BL组的pH在各个青贮时间点均显著低于CK、HY组(P<0.05)。青贮60、75、90 d时,XL、BL、HY组的氨态氮/总氮(AN/TN)均显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。BL组的丙酸(PA)和乙酸(AA)含量在各个青贮时间点均显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。青贮45 d的pH显著高于青贮60、75、90 d(P<0.05),青贮45、60 d的AN/TN显著低于青贮75、90 d(P<0.05),青贮60 d的乳酸(LA)含量显著高于青贮45、75、90 d(P<0.05)。2)青贮45 d时,XL、BL、HY组的干物质(DM)含量显著高于CK组(P<0.05);青贮75、90 d时,BL组的DM含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。HY组的粗蛋白质(CP)含量在各个青贮时间点均显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。青贮45 d的DM含量显著高于青贮60、75、90 d(P<0.05);青贮45 d的CP含量显著高于青贮75、90 d(P<0.05),显著低于青贮60 d(P<0.05)。3)不同青贮添加剂改变了全株谷草青贮的CNCPS组分。综上所述,各青贮添加剂都在一定程度上改善了全株谷草青贮的营养成分和发酵品质,含有布氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌和戊糖片球菌的青贮添加剂(BL组)效果最佳,全株谷草青贮的最短启用时间为60 d。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different silage additives and silage time on the nutrient composition,fermentation quality and Cornell net carbohydrate-protein system(CNCPS)components of whole-plant millet silage.The whole-plant grain grass at the filling stage was used as raw material,and four groups were set up,including the control group(CK group),bacterial and enzyme compound group(XL group,including Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus brucei,Pediococcus pentosaceus and cel-lulase,living bacteria count≥1.0×10^(10) CFU/g),bacterial preparation group 1(BL group,including Lacto-bacillus brucei,Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus,living bacteria count≥5.5×10^(10) CFU/g)and bacterial preparation group 2(HY group,including Bacillus subtilis,Lactobacillus acidoph-ilus and Candida utilize,living bacteria count≥1.0×10^(9) CFU/g),with 5 replicates in each group.After 45,60,75 and 90 days of silage,the barrels were sampled for nutrient composition,fermentation quality and CNCPS components analysis.The results showed as follows:1)the pH at each silage time points of XL and BL groups was significantly lower than that of CK and HY groups(P<0.05).At 60,75 and 90 days of si-lage,the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen(AN/TN)of XL,BL and HY groups was significantly lower than that of CK group(P<0.05).The propionic acid(PA)and acetic acid(AA)contents at each silage time points of BL group were significantly higher than those of other three groups(P<0.05).The pH at 45 days of silage was significantly higher than that at 60,75 and 90 days of silage(P<0.05),the AN/TN at 45 and 60 days of silage was significantly lower than that at 75 and 90 days of silage(P<0.05),and the lactic acid(LA)content at 60 days of silage was significantly higher than that at 45,75 and 90 days of silage(P<0.05).2)At 45 days of silage,the dry matter(DM)content of XL,BL and HY groups was significantly higher than that of CK group(P<0.05);at 75 and 90 days of silage,the DM content of BL group were significantly

关 键 词：全株谷草青贮 青贮添加剂 青贮时间 CNCPS 

分 类 号：S816.53[农业科学—饲料科学]