悬挂式茶树修剪装备的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Hanging Tea Tree Pruning Equipment

作　　者：罗悦洋 高巧明 吕攀 糜泽荣 李宗鹏 蔡羽晨 Luo Yueyang;Gao Qiaoming;Lyu Pan;Mi Zerong;Li Zongpeng;Cai Yuchen(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Automotive Parts and Vehicle Technology,Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Guangxi Liuzhou 545006;Guangxi Hepu County Huilaibao Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Guangxi Beihai 536100)

机构地区：[1]广西科技大学广西汽车零部件与整车技术重点实验室,广西柳州545006 [2]广西合浦县惠来宝机械制造有限公司,广西北海536100

出　　处：《南方农机》2023年第21期27-30,62,共5页

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“丘陵山地经济作物农业机械化与智能化创新中心”(桂科ZY22096023)。

摘　　要：【目的】解决丘陵山地茶园机械化水平低、茶树修剪装置效率不高等问题,满足茶园生产全程机械化的迫切需求。【方法】课题组基于茶树种植模式和农艺要求,设计了一种适应我国广西地区丘陵山地茶园作业的悬挂式茶树修剪装备,阐述了该修剪装备的总体结构和工作原理,对悬挂式茶树修剪装备的相关参数和关键结构进行了研究,并开展田间试验验证了该装备的作业效果。【结果】悬挂式茶树修剪装备修剪时间仅为2.13 min,修剪效率达到1690.14 m^(2)/h,漏剪率为0.85%、撕裂率为1.27%,其漏剪率、撕裂率均在标准范围内,完全符合设计要求。【结论】采用水平修剪刀组和竖直修剪刀组进行茶树顶端、侧边修剪时的修剪效果更好;采用机械传动与液压传动的组合式传动,能够提高装备的稳定性和安全性。该修剪装备整体结构紧凑,作业效率高,操控灵活,可以满足广西地区丘陵山地茶园茶树的修剪工作需求。[Objective]Solve the problems of low mechanization level and low efficiency of tea tree pruning devices in hilly and mountainous tea gardens,and to meet the urgent need for full mechanization of tea garden production.[Method]Based on the tea tree planting mode and agronomic requirements,the research group designed a hanging type tea tree pruning equipment suitable for tea plantation operations in hilly and mountainous areas of Guangxi,China.The overall structure and working principle of the pruning equipment were explained,and the relevant parameters and key structures of the hanging type tea tree pruning equipment were studied.Field experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the equipment.[Result]The pruning time of the hanging type tea tree pruning equipment is only 2.13 min,the pruning efficiency reaches 1690.14 m^(2)/h,the missing shear rate is 0.85%,and the tearing rate is 1.27%.The missing shear rate and tearing rate are within the standard range,fully meeting the design requirements.[Conclusion]The use of horizontal and vertical pruning scissors for tea tree top and side pruning has a better pruning effect;the combination of mechanical transmission and hydraulic transmission can improve the stability and safety of equipment.The pruning equipment has a compact overall structure,high operational efficiency,and flexible operation,which can meet the pruning needs of tea trees in hilly and mountainous tea gardens in Guangxi region.

关 键 词：丘陵山地茶园 悬挂式 茶树修剪装备 田间试验 

分 类 号：S224.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]