不同密度泡沫铝的静动态压缩力学性能  

Static and Dynamic Compressive Mechanical Properties of Foam Aluminum with Different Densities

作　　者：陈玉[1] 郭辉[1,2] 肖尧 蒋林志 CHEN Yu;GUO Hui;XIAO Yao;JIANG Linzhi(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学土木工程与建筑学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2023年第3期30-37,共8页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金项目(2022NSFSC0338);四川省科技计划项目苗子工程培育项目(2021098)。

摘　　要：采用电液伺服万能试验机和改进SHPB直接撞击系统对不同密度梯度泡沫铝进行了准静态和动态压缩试验,获得了3种相对密度泡沫铝在不同应变率下的单轴压缩应力-应变曲线,分析了相对密度和应变率对泡沫铝力学性能、吸能特性的影响。结果表明:在同一种应变率下,随着相对密度的增加,泡沫铝弹性阶段屈服应力和平台应力显著提升,而致密应变则会提前。相对密度高的泡沫铝其单位体积吸收能量越多,两者呈现正相关性;相对密度低的泡沫铝其吸能效率越大,两者呈现负相关性。随着应变率的增加,泡沫铝单位体积吸收能量逐渐提高,吸能效率变化不大。Using the electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine and the improved SHPB direct impact system,the quasi-static and dynamic compression tests of foam aluminum with different density gradients were carried out,and the uniaxial compression stress-strain curves of three kinds of relative density foam aluminum under different strain rates were obtained.The effects of relative density and strain rate on the mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics of foam aluminum were analyzed.The results show that at the same strain rate,with the increase of relative density,the yield stress and platform stress of foam aluminum increase significantly in the elastic stage,while the densification strain will advance.Aluminum foams with relatively high density absorb greater energy per unit volume,both positively correlated;The greater the energy absorption efficiency is relatively low density foam aluminum,presenting a negative correlation between the two.As the strain rate increases,the energy absorbed per unit volume of the foamed aluminum increases successively,and the energy absorption efficiency is almost unchanged.

关 键 词：泡沫铝 相对密度 应变率 力学性能 吸能特性 

分 类 号：TG142.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB383[金属学及工艺—金属材料]