胺化大麻纤维的制备及其对铀的高效提取研究  

Preparation of Aminated Hemp Fiber and its Efficient Extraction of Uranium

作　　者：谢晓亮 聂小琴[1,2] 马春彦 夏雪 廖志慧 杨国辉 XIE Xiaoliang;NIE Xiaoqin;MA Chunyan;XIA Xue;LIAO Zhihui;YANG Guohui(School of National Defense Science and Technology,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;National Co-innovation Center for Nuclear Waste Disposal and Environmental Safety,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;Fundamental Science on Nuclear Wastes and Environmental Safety Laboratory,Southwest University of Seience and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China;School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学国防科技学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学核废物与环境安全省部共建协同创新中心,四川绵阳621010 [3]西南科技大学核废物与环境安全国防重点学科实验室,四川绵阳621010 [4]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报》2023年第3期58-69,共12页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41877323,42272357,22206156)。

摘　　要：为改善复杂含铀废水中铀的提取效率,采用水热法制备了多胺基修饰的大麻纤维(HFA-G-T),通过批次吸附实验探究了纤维对铀的提取性能,结合吸附模型分析及谱学表征探讨了改性纤维对铀的提取作用机制。结果表明:大麻纤维胺化后,其对铀的吸附能力可达351.3 mg/g(pH=5),吸附过程满足准二级动力学模型和Langmuir吸附等温方程,吸附行为主要由单层化学吸附控制;谱学分析表明,HFA-G-T主要通过接枝的NH/NH_(2)中的N对铀表现出的高亲和力络合作用而实现对铀的高效提取;在模拟高盐含铀废水中,Na^(+),Mg^(2+)和Ca^(2+)阳离子以及Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)阴离子对HFA-G-T吸附铀基本无影响,表现出较好的抗离子干扰性能。基于胺化大麻纤维的高效提铀性能和抗阴阳离子干扰性能,有望用于复杂含铀废水的净化。To improve the extraction efficiency of uranium from complex uranium-containing wastewater,polyamine modified hemp fibers(HFA-G-T)were prepared by hydrothermal method.The extraction performance of fibers for uranium was investigated by batch adsorption experiments,and the mechanism of uranium extraction by modified fibers was explored through adsorption model analysis and spectroscopic characterization.The results show that the maximum adsorption capacity of the hemp fiber can reach 351.3 mg/g at pH of 5 after amination.The adsorption process satisfies the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation,and the adsorption behavior is mainly controlled by monolayer chemisorption.Spectroscopic analysis shows that HFA-G-T achieves efficient extraction of uranium mainly through the high-affinity complexation of N in grafted NH/NH _(2) to uranium.In simulat ed high salt uranium containing wastewater,Na^(+),Mg ^(2+)and Ca ^(2+)cations,and Cl^(-)and NO _(3)^(-)anions have little effect on the adsorption of uranium by HFA-G-T,showing good ion interference resistance.Therefore,the efficient uranium extraction performance and anti-ion interference performance of aminated hemp fibers make them promising for the purification of complex uranium containing wastewater.

关 键 词：大麻纤维 吸附 铀酰 胺基 

分 类 号：TL99[核科学技术—核技术及应用] X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]