松辽盆地现今地温场特征及控制因素  

Characteristics and controlling factors of the present geothermal field in the Songliao Basin

作　　者：张翘然 肖红平[3] 饶松[1,2] 施亦做 李文靖 黄顺德 胡光明[1,2] Zhang Qiaoran;Xiao Hongping;Rao Song;Shi Yizuo;Li Wenjing;Huang Shunde;Hu Guangming(School of Geosciences,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球科学学院,武汉430100 [2]长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室,武汉430100 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2023年第5期191-204,共14页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司油气与新能源板块2022-2023年度科技课题“地热开发利用技术研究与试验”(2022KT2601);国家自然科学基金项目(41877210,41502236);油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室青年创新团队项目(PI2018-04)。

摘　　要：沉积盆地现今地温场反映了地球内部各种动力学过程之间的能量平衡状态,既是了解大陆岩石圈构造变形及演化等大陆动力学问题的重要窗口,也是开展区域地热资源潜力评价的基础。通过收集松辽盆地826口钻孔试油温度数据,结合150个岩心样品热导率测试结果,系统刻画了全盆地现今地温场特征,基于深部温度预测技术计算了4000 m深度内地层温度。结果表明,松辽盆地现今地温梯度介于22.5~69.0℃/km之间,平均值为44.0℃/km。中央坳陷区岩石热导率值比较集中,大多介于1.60~2.40 W/(m·K)之间,平均值为1.84 W/(m·K),其中泥岩热导率最低,平均值为1.77 W/(m·K);粉砂岩热导率居中,平均值为1.87 W/(m·K);细砂岩热导率最高,平均值为2.12 W/(m·K)。大地热流值介于35.0~98.8 mW/m ^(2),平均值为76.9 mW/m ^(2),为典型的“热盆”,平面上呈中部高、边部低的环带状展布特征。松辽盆地1000 m深度的地层温度介于26.9~72.3℃,平均值为47.9℃;2000 m深度的地层温度介于49.4~141.3℃,平均值为91.9℃;3000 m深度的地层温度介于71.8~167.5℃,平均值为135.8℃;4000 m深度的地层温度介于94.3~210.9℃,平均值为179.8℃。综合分析认为,太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲引发软流圈上涌,区域岩石圈迅速减薄,来自地幔的热量显著增加;同时,减薄的地壳更有利于地幔热量向上传导。盆地内广泛发育的NNE和NW向两组深大断裂系为地幔物质及热流上升提供了通道,一部分地幔物质沿深大断裂熔融析离聚集在中下地壳内形成高导低速体,持续加热地壳,另一部分熔融物质经断裂系喷发形成新生代火山。盆地内广泛发育的花岗岩放射性元素衰变生热,是松辽盆地内又一重要热源。此外,松辽盆地不同构造单元地壳结构的差异是现今地温场不均匀性的重要原因,基底和沉积层热导率的差异引起的热流“折射”效应,促进了浅部热量的再分配,形�[Objective]The geothermal field in the present sedimentary basin is a result of the energy balance between various dynamic processes on the Earth.It serves as an important tool for understanding continental dynamics,such as tectonic deformation and the evolution of the continental lithosphere.Additionally,it provides the basis for evaluating regional geothermal resources.[Methods]A comprehensive study of the geothermal field in the entire Songliao Basin was conducted using oil-test temperatures from 826 wells and thermal conductivities measured by the optical scanning method.Formation temperatures at depths of 1000 m,2000 m,3000 m,and 4000 m were estimated using deep temperature prediction technology.[Results]The results indicate that the present geothermal gradient in the Songliao Basin ranges from ^(2)2.5 to 69.0℃/km,with an average of 44.0℃/km.The thermal conductivity values of rocks in the central depression area are relatively concentrated,mostly ranging from 1.60 W/(m·K)to 2.40 W/(m·K),with an average of 1.84 W/(m·K).Among these,mudstone has the lowest thermal conductivity,with an average of 1.77 W/(m·K);siltstone has a middle range with an average of 1.87 W/(m·K);and fine sandstone has the highest thermal conductivity,with an average of 2.12 W/(m·K).The heat flow ranges from 35.0 to 98.8 mW/m ^(2),with an average of 76.9 mW/m ^(2).The basin exhibits a typical"hot basin"characteristic,with higher heat flow in the central depression and lower heat flow in the slope and uplift areas,forming an annular distribution pattern.Geothermal anomaly areas are distributed in the northeast of the central depression and the northwest of the southeastern uplifted region.The formation temperature at a depth of 1,000 m ranges from ^(2)6.9 to 72.3℃,with an average of 47.9℃;at 2000 m,it ranges from 49.4 to 141.3℃,with an average of 91.9℃;at 3000 m,it ranges from 71.8 to 167.5℃,with an average of 135.8℃;and at 4000 m,it ranges from 94.3 to 210.9℃,with an average of 179.8℃.[Conclusion]These findings su

关 键 词：大地热流 地温梯度 深部温度 试油温度 松辽盆地 温度场 

分 类 号：P332.6[天文地球—水文科学]