基于落球法原位测试人工冰场冰面硬度的方法研究  

Research on In-situ Testing of Ice Surface Hardness in Artificial Ice Rinks Based on Ball Drop Method

作　　者：杜锋 洪平[2] 柯鹏[1] DU Feng;HONG Ping;KE Peng(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100191,China;School Party Committee of Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]北京体育大学校党委,北京100084

出　　处：《冰雪运动》2023年第4期18-22,共5页China Winter Sports

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”专项(2020YFF0304600);国家自然科学基金一般项目(12372095)。

摘　　要：冰面硬度是冰体基本力学参数,决定了冰刀在其表面的滑行状态。采用落球法对某备战北京冬奥会训练场馆的冰面硬度进行系统测量,同时研究原位高效测试冰面硬度的基本方法;结合理论研究来揭示采用弹坑表面直径和弹坑深度来测算冰面硬度的合理性和有效性,并通过调控落球大小和落球高度来研究动态冲击效应对冰面硬度结果的影响。结果表明,虽然弹坑表面直径较大有利于实验测量,但是由于弹坑边缘破碎问题使得测试误差显著;通过对弹坑深度测试来测算冰面硬度,可以获得一致的冰面硬度大小;随着动态冲击强度的增加,冰面硬度呈现升高趋势。建议通过测试弹坑深度来计算冰面硬度,以便在冰场硬度的检测中发挥出科学、简单、可控和快速定量的优势。Ice surface hardness is a basic mechanical parameter of ice body,which determines the gliding state of ice skates on its surface.The hardness of the ice surface of a training arena for the Beijing Winter Olympic Games is systematically measured by the drop ball method,and the basic method of in-situ efficient testing of ice hardness is also studied;Combining theoretical research to reveal the rationality and effectiveness of using crater surface diameter and crater depth to measure ice surface hardness,and studying the impact of dynamic impact effects on ice surface hardness results by adjusting the size and height of falling balls.The study shows that although the larger diameter of the crater surface is favorable for experimental measurements,the problem of crater edge fragmentation makes the testing error significant;By measuring the depth of the crater to calculate the hardness of the ice surface,a consistent level of ice surface hardness can be obtained;As the increase of dynamic impact intensity,the ice hardness shows an elevated trend.It is recommended to calculate the ice hardness by testing the crater depth in order to utilize the advantages of science,simplicity,controllability and rapid quantification in the testing of ice rink hardness.

关 键 词：落球法 原位测试 人工冰场 弹坑表面直径 弹坑深度 冰面硬度 

分 类 号：G818.1[文化科学—体育学] G862.3