三孩政策背景下省级生育配套政策的文本聚类分析  

Text Clustering Analysis of Provincial Fertility Supporting Policies Under the Background of Three-child Policy

作　　者：沈凌[1] 陈昊[1] SHEN Ling;CHEN Hao(Wuhan University of Technology,430070,Wuhan China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学,武汉430070

出　　处：《电子科技大学学报（社科版）》2023年第5期14-21,共8页Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：武汉理工大学自主创新研究基金研究生创新创业项目(225213003)。

摘　　要：【目的/意义】实施符合国情的生育政策是解决我国人口问题、实现可持续发展的重要途径,完善生育政策体系才能促进人口长期均衡发展,现有研究集中在生育政策的变革成因、实践困境和制度构建。【设计/方法】文章收集31个省级政府的三孩政策期间生育配套政策,运用主题模型LDA算法处理102万余字政策文本,实证分析总体与区域政策文本的高频词和主题强度,通过政策文本聚类分析探究三孩政策背景下省级生育配套政策的侧重点和不足。【结论/发现】省级生育配套政策总体上主题结构不均衡和发文主体单一,整体侧重于保护型政策,鼓励型政策和服务型政策较为匮乏。受地区特殊性影响,不同人口和经济发展水平的区域在生育配套政策上存在分布差异。基于此,从政策结构、政策主体、政策创新三个角度提出政策改进建议。[Purpose/Significance]Implementing a fertility policy consistent with national conditions is an important way to solve China’s population problems and achieve sustainable development.Improving the fertility policy system is the only way to promote long-term balanced population development.Existing studies focus on the causes of change,practical dilemmas and institutional construction of fertility policies.[Design/Methodology]This article collects the fertility policies of 31 provincial governments during the three-child policy period,uses the thematic model LDA algorithm to process more than 1.02 million words of policy texts,empirically analyses the high-frequency words and thematic intensity of the overall and regional policy texts,and explores the focus and shortcomings of provincial fertility policies in the context of the three-child policy through policy text clustering analysis.[Conclusions/Findings]The study shows that provincial fertility policies are generally uneven in their thematic structure and single-issue subjects,with an overall focus on protection-oriented policies and a lack of encouragement-oriented and service-oriented policies.Due to regional specificities,there are specific distributional differences in maternity support policies between regions with different levels of population and economic development.Based on this,suggestions for policy improvement are made from three perspectives:policy structure,policy subjects and policy innovation.

关 键 词：生育配套政策 三孩政策 LDA主题模型 政策文本 政策工具理论 

分 类 号：C924.21[社会学—人口学]