点火器的火花放电能量转换分析  

Analysis of Spark Discharge Energy Conversion in Igniters

作　　者：徐志豪 郭玥 吴淑群[1] XU Zhihao;GUO Yue;WU Shuqun(College of Automation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学自动化学院,南京211106

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第8期3315-3323,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977110,92271116);GF科技重点实验室基金(6142217210401)。

摘　　要：火花放电是一种航空发动机点火方式,通过研究点火器的火花放电能量转换过程,有助于提升点火器性能。实验向电极间隙为1 mm的火花塞施加4 kV固定电压,通过调整储能电容大小改变火花塞释放的能量。采用放电回路等效模型计算火花能量,火花能量从0.44 J增加至7.87 J时,电能转换效率从54.99%降低至49.23%。建立火花放电全局模型,仿真得到电子数密度、电子温度和环境温度,发现40.91%~62.51%火花能量转换为重粒子总和热能,0.18%~0.33%火花能量转换为电子总和能量。采用高速纹影技术拍摄火花放电动态过程,发现气流动能非常小,可忽略不计。Spark discharge is an ignition method for aircraft engines,and studying the energy conversion process of spark discharge in igniters can help improve their performance.In our experiments,a fixed voltage of 4 kV was applied to a spark plug with an electrode gap of 1 mm,and the energy released by the spark plug was changed by adjusting the size of the energy storage capacitor.Moreover,an equivalent discharge circuit model was adopted to calculate spark energy.When the spark energy increased from 0.44 J to 7.87 J,the electrical energy conversion efficiency decreased from 54.99%to 49.23%.Meanwhile,a global model of spark discharge was established,and the electron number density,Electron temperature,and ambient temperature were obtained through simulations.It is found that 40.91%~62.51%of spark ener-gy is converted into the total heat energy of heavy particles,and 0.18%~0.33%of spark energy is converted into the total energy of electrons.By using high-speed Schlieren imaging technology to capture the dynamic process of spark discharge,it is found that the kinetic energy of the airflow is minimal and can be ignored.

关 键 词：火花放电 点火器 空气放电 电点火 火花能量 

分 类 号：V23[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]