哲学的限度:19世纪早期英国法律改革政治中的边沁  

Philosophy’s limit:Jeremy Bentham in the Early Nineteenth-century British Legal Reform Politics

作　　者：李诚 Li Cheng

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系

出　　处：《世界历史评论》2023年第3期189-213,296,297,共27页The World History Review

摘　　要：19世纪早期,英国哲学家边沁致力于将启蒙时期的法律哲学转化为现实,获得了有限的成功。1788年起,在辉格党精英的帮助下,边沁建立起庞大的社会关系网络,试图推进“圆形监狱”、法典化等计划。计划推行过程中,边沁与辉格党律师罗米利产生了分歧,开始转向政治激进主义。19世纪20年代,边沁在法律改革政治中的激进主义名声进一步得到提升,吸引了爱尔兰天主教领袖奥康奈尔的注意。边沁与奥康奈尔一度分工合作推行激进的法律改革,然而在党派政治的影响下,法律改革阵营出现了内部分化,这种情况加剧了边沁的政治焦虑,促使他发明更多的大众政治策略以迫使精英人物阐明立场。边沁推行法律改革的历史折射出19世纪早期英国改革观念的碎片化特征。In early nineteenth century,British philosopher Jeremy Bentham devoted to turning the Enlightened legal philosophy into reality but archived limited success.From 1788,with the help of Whig elites,Bentham built an extensive social network attempting to promote schemes such as the Panopticon prison and legal codif ication.During the course,Bentham developed different opinions with the Whig lawyer Samuel Romilly,and began to embrace political radicalism.During the 1820s,Bentham’s radical reputation in legal reform politics was rising,and attracted attention from Irish Catholic leader Daniel O’Connell.Bentham and O’Connell once collaborated to promote radical legal reform.However,under the influence of party politics,parties of legal reformers alienated with each other.This situation intensif ied Bentham’s political anxiety and pushed him to invent more popular political strategies to press political elites to clarify positions.The history of Bentham’s law reform activity reflects the fragmentation of reformist ideas in early nineteenth-century Britain.

关 键 词：边沁 法律改革 激进主义 社会网络 大众政治 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]