色季拉山川滇高山栎种群结构对海拔梯度的响应  

Response of Population Structure of Quercus aquifolioides to Altitude Gradient in Sejila Mountain

作　　者：田莹 卢杰[1,2,3,4] 王新靓 杨琳 TIAN Ying;LU Jie;WANG Xinliang;YANG Lin(Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet Plateau(Tibet Agricultural&Animal Husbandry University),Ministry of Education,Nyingchi 860000,China;Linzhi National Forest Ecosystem Observation&Research Station of Tibet,Nyingchi 860000,China;Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological Security in Tibet,Nyingchi 860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,西藏林芝860000 [3]西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,西藏林芝860000 [4]西藏自治区高寒植被生态安全重点实验室,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2023年第4期74-81,共8页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：以色季拉山川滇高山栎(Quercus aquifolioides)为研究对象,分析该种群在不同海拔梯度上的种群结构特征及其变化趋势。在西藏自治区林芝市色季拉山设置一条50 m×700 m的样带并将其分成14个50 m×50 m的样方,分别研究每个样方内川滇高山的种群的径级、高度和冠幅结构,并根据具体的分布株数作图,根据图表研究不同结构的变化规律及原因,结果显示:(1)川滇高山栎的最佳生存范围在海拔3400 m~3550 m之间,在海拔3600 m以上不适合川滇高山栎的生存,川滇高山栎的幼苗幼树在3400 m~3780 m的海拔之间都有分布,海拔大于3600 m的株数较少。(2)川滇高山栎的幼树幼苗数量较多,生长到小树阶段的个体较少,幼树幼苗在生长过程中的竞争力较强,而在生长到小树阶段时的竞争力和自身的生存力较弱。(3)川滇高山栎种群的径级分布范围随海拔的增加逐渐缩小,种群密度也随之变小。(4)从海拔3400 m~3780 m之间,川滇高山栎种群的高度结构呈现先增加后下降的趋势。(5)从海拔3400 m到海拔3500 m时,川滇高山栎种群的冠幅结构不断增加,并在海拔3500 m达到最大,随着海拔的继续升高,冠幅结构不断减小。不同海拔梯度上的土壤、水分、温度、植被生长空间等都不相同,这些影响因素使川滇高山栎种群在不同的海拔梯度上对应的发生不同的结构变化。In this paper,Quercus aquifolioides in Sejila Mountain was taken as the research object,and the population structure characteristics and its changing trend at different altitudes were analyzed.A 50 m×700 m transect was set up in Sejila Mountain,Nyingchi City,Tibet Autonomous Region,and it was divided into fourteen 50 m×50 m quadrats.The diameter class,height and crown structure of the population in each quadrat were studied respectively.According to the specific number of distribution plants,the variation rules and causes of different structures were studied according to the charts.The results showed that:(1)The best survival range of Q.aquifolioides was between 3400 m and 3550 m above sea level,and it was not suitable for the survival of Q.aquifolioides above 3600 m.The seedlings and saplings of Q.aquifolioides were distributed at an altitude of 3400 m-3780 m,and the number of trees above 3600 m was less.(2)There were more young seedlings of Q.aquifolioides,and fewer individuals grow to the young tree stage.The young seedlings had strong competitiveness in the growth process,while the competitiveness and viability were weak when they grow to the young tree stage.(3)With the increase of altitude,the diameter distribution range of Q.aquifolioides population gradually decreased,and the population density also decreased.(4)From 3400 m to 3780 m above sea level,the height structure of Q.aquifolioides population increased first and then decreased.(5)From 3400 m to 3500 m above sea level,the canopy structure of Q.aquifolioides population increased continuously,reaching the maximum at 3500 m,and then decreased with the elevation.Soil,water,temperature,and vegetation growth space were different at different altitude gradients,which caused different structural changes in the Q.aquifolioides population at different altitude gradients.

关 键 词：川滇高山栎 种群结构 海拔梯度 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]