不同甜菜品系干物质积累及光合特性  

Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of Different Sugar Beet Strains

作　　者：李思忠 高卫时[1] 林明[1] 张立明[1] 白晓山[1] 刘军[1] 董心久[1] 沙红[1] 曹禹 LI Sizhong;GAO Weishi;LIN Ming;ZHANG Liming;BAI Xiaoshan;LIU Jun;DONG Xinjiu;SHA Hong;CAO Yu(Research Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi830091,China;Yining Prefecture Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Yining Xinjiang 839300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]伊犁州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁839300

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第10期1579-1586,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技成果转化示范专项(2020B007);农业部国家糖料产业技术体系(CARS-170108)。

摘　　要：为明确不同甜菜品系产量形成特性。以4个甜菜品系为材料,通过田间试验研究不同甜菜品系间光合特性、干物质积累与分配和块根产量的差异。结果表明,产量和产糖量以T02最高、T03次之、X18最低,T02产量和产糖量分别较X18高24.8%和64.7%。叶片光合能力表现为T02和T03大于X18。块根膨大期T02和T03倒四叶净光合速率分别比X18高74.0%和100.0%;最大净光合速率分别较X18高28.9%和23.6%。T01与T03干物质积累量最高,分别比X18高64.8%和65.8%;T01与T03块根干物质积累量占总干物质积累量的72.2%和75.4%,分别比X18高22.2%和27.6%。荧光参数在不同品系间存在较大差异,X18呈现明显的正L带和正K带,性能指数(PI_(abs))、最大量子效率(F_(v)/F_(m))、单位面积活性反应中心(RC/CS)和电子传递效率(φEO)在中午显著降低。T02具有较高的光合效率、干物质积累量及向块根中分配率、性能指数及电子传递效率,是较X18高产和高糖的重要原因。This study aimed to investigate the yield formation characteristics of different sugar beet strains by examining their photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation and distribution and root tuber yield among different sugar beet strains through field experiments using four beet varieties.The results showed that T02 had the highest the yield and sugar yield,followed by T03,while X18 had the lowest yield and sugar yield.The photosynthetic capacity of leaves was greater in T02 and T03 compared to TXJ9918.The net photosynthetic rate of the four leaves from bottom of T02 and T03 was 74.0%and 100.0%higher than that of X18,respectively;the maximum net photosynthetic rate was 28.9%and 23.6%higher than that of X18,respectively.The dry matter accumulation of T01 and T03 was the highest,and was 64.8%and 65.8%higher than that of X18,respectively;the dry matter accumulation of T01 and T03 accounted for 72.2%and 75.4%of the total dry matter accumulation,which was 22.2%and 27.6%higher than that of X18,respectively.There were great differences in fluorescence parameters among different strains,with X18 showing obvious positive L band and positive K band,and a decrease in performance index(PI_(abs)),maximum quantum efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)),active reaction center per unit area(RC/CS)and electron transport efficiency(φEO)at noon.T02 had higher photosynthetic efficiency,dry matter accumulation and distribution rate to tuberous roots,performance index and electron transfer efficiency,which was an important reason for its higher yield and higher sugar content compared to X18.

关 键 词：甜菜 干物质 光合作用 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]