基于声学成像的GIS设备异响振动缺陷检测技术研究  

Research on Defect Detection Technology of Abnormal Vibration of GIS Based on Acoustic Imaging

作　　者：蒋西平 李永福 王谦 李龙 龙英凯 JIANG Xiping;LI Yongfu;WANG Qian;LI Long;LONG Yingkai(State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Electric Power Research Institute,Chongqing401123,China)

机构地区：[1]国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院,重庆401123

出　　处：《高压电器》2023年第10期215-222,231,共9页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项面上项目(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0072);重庆市电力公司科技项目(2019渝电科技17#,2022渝电科技26#)。

摘　　要：机械故障是GIS设备的主要故障类型之一,现有的接触式振动检测方法操作繁琐、检测范围受限、检测结果不直观,现场应用效果一般。文中分析了GIS设备异响振动缺陷类型与声信号衰减特性,提出了一种基于声学成像的GIS设备异响振动缺陷检测技术,设计了一种抗干扰能力强的螺旋形排布式麦克风阵列,用于测量异响声源强度,采用DAMAS算法对设备外壳的声场分布进行重构,并将声学成像图与可见光的视频图像透明叠加,能直观分析GIS设备的异响振动状态,对异响振动源进行定位,其对于提高GIS设备安全稳定运行具有十分重要的意义。所研发的声学成像系统由112个麦克风通道组成,具有高动态范围和分辨率的特点,设备采样率48 kHz,动态范围40 dB,有效成像频率范围为300 Hz~20 k Hz。现场测试结果表明,该声学成像系统实现了对GIS设备异响振动的精确定位,并通过仪器的频谱分析功能实现了对振动源振动性质判别。Mechanical fault is one of the main types of faults of GIS.The existing contact vibration testing method has such shortcomings as cumbersome operation,limit of detection range,unintuitive detection result and general site application effect.In this paper,the types of abnormal vibration defects of GIS and the attenuation characteristics of acoustic signal are analyzed,a kind of detection technology for abnormal vibration of GIS based on acoustic imaging is proposed,a spiral microphone array with strong anti-interference ability is designed and used for measuring the intensity of abnormal sound source.Moreover,the DAMAS algorithm is adopted to reconstruct the sound field distribution of the equipment enclosure.The transparent superposition of acoustic image with the visible light video image can visually analyze the abnormal vibration state of the GIS,locate the abnormal vibration source,which is of great significance to improve safe and stable operation of GIS.The developed acoustic imaging system is composed of 112 microphone channels,featuring high dynamic range and resolution.And the sampling rate of equipment is 48 kHz,the dynamic range is 40 dB,and the effective imaging frequency range is 300 Hz~20 kHz.Field test results show that the acoustic imaging system has achieved accurate location of abnormal vibration of GIS,and achieved discrimination of the vibration property of the vibration source through the spectrum analysis function of instrument.

关 键 词：声学成像 GIS设备 异响振动 麦克风阵列 DAMAS算法 

分 类 号：TM595[电气工程—电器]