治理创新越来越难?——社区治理的麦当劳化及其超越  

Is Governance Innovation Getting Harder?—McDonaldization of Community Governance and How It Can Be Transcended

作　　者：刘威[1] 徐明琨 LIU Wei;XU Ming-kun(School of Philosophy and Sociology,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学哲学社会学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期100-109,共10页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：2022年度人民政协理论专项研究课题“人民政协参与公共事务协同治理的优势与路径研究”(2021ZX03005);2022年度廉政建设专项研究课题“提升基层协同监督治理效能的实践路径研究”(2022LZY005)。

摘　　要：治理手段和方式的层层升级并没有带来治理内容和理念的深度转型,相反,当“技术”和“治理”在政府主导的社区治理场景相遇时,治理实践在工具理性的支配下呈现出均一化与同质化的明显态势。透过各类治理技术,社区治理被打造为一个可供展示的领域,治理内容和过程愈发可控制、可预测、可回溯、可计算,社区治理的可视化重构和展示化形塑成为麦当劳化的内生机制。治理主体对治理技术创新和治理展示性价值的追求遮蔽了治理的真正目标,大量治理技术的盲目堆砌使治理陷入了形式化、内卷化困境。因此我们需要在技术理性高扬的时代重新思考技术治理的限度,以多元参与的耦合结构培植技术嵌入治理的深厚土壤,从治理技术的外部植入走向扎根社区的技术在地化实践,超越“技术过剩、治理短缺”的治理创新困局,只有这样,才能处理好技术与治理、形式合理性(工具理性)与实质合理性(价值理性)的互动关系,使社区回归真实本然的治理状态。The layer-by-layer upgrading of governance means and methods has not brought about a deep transformation of governance content and concepts.Conversely,when“technology”and“governance”meet in government-led community governance scenarios,governance practice presents an obvious trend of homogenization and homogeneity under the domination of instrumental rational logic.Through various governance technologies,community governance is forged into a field of showcase,where governance content and processes are becoming more controllable,predictable,retrospective,and calculable,the visual reconstruction and display shaping of community governance having become the endogenous mechanism of McDonald’s.The real governance objects have been covered up by the pursuit of the governance subjects for technological governance innovation and the exhibition values of governance,governance sinking into the predicament of formalization and meaningless competition.Therefore,we need to rethink the limits of technological governance in an era of high technological rationality,cultivating rich soil of governance with coupling structure to cultivate technology with multiple participants,going from the external implantation of governance technology to the localized practice of technology rooted in the community,and resolving the dilemma in governance innovation of“excess technology with insufficient governance”.Only in this way can we properly handle the interaction between technology and governance,formal rationality(instrumental rationality)and substantive rationality(value rationality)so that we can return to the true and natural state of community governance.

关 键 词：社区治理 技术治理 麦当劳化 展示治理 

分 类 号：D669.3[政治法律—政治学]