踏面制动弹性车轮应力分析及影响因素研究  

Parameter Optimization Analysis for Resilient Wheel During TreadBraking Based on Orthogonal Method

作　　者：朱逸伦 周信 圣小珍 钟硕乔 ZHU Yilun;ZHOU Xin;SHENG Xiaozhen;ZHONG Shuoqiao(School of Urban Rail Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《机床与液压》2023年第18期26-32,共7页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金(U1834201)。

摘　　要：弹性车轮具有良好的减振降噪性能,广泛应用于我国城市有轨电车系统,目前正将其推广应用到地铁车辆上。针对踏面制动地铁弹性车轮温度及应力问题,建立弹性车轮机械-热耦合有限元模型,计算弹性车轮的橡胶层温度以及轮辋内表面应力,并与试验室制动热测试数据进行对比。通过仿真对比了仅考虑机械载荷与考虑机械-热耦合的弹性车轮应力分布,发现制动热应力对轮辋应力影响较大。通过正交设计方法,研究了轮辋厚度、橡胶层角度、橡胶层弹性模量在不同线路情况下对弹性车轮橡胶层的最高温度以及轮辋内表面应力的影响。结果表明:提高轮辋的厚度可以降低橡胶温度和机械-热耦合应力;当轮辋厚度小于55 mm时机械应力占主导,当轮辋厚度大于60 mm时温度应力占主导;但橡胶层弹性模量的影响则不是单调的,在给定轮辋厚度和橡胶层角度的情况下,存在一个最佳值。Resilient wheels are widely used in urban tram systems in China due to the wheels’good performance on vibration and noise reduction.Application of resilient wheels to subway vehicles is also underway.Aiming at the problem of temperature and stress of a subway resilient wheel generated by tread braking,a mechanical-thermal finite element model was established and it was used to calculate the temperature of the rubber layer and the internal surface stress of the rim,and compared with the laboratory braking thermal test data.Comparing the elastic wheel stress distribution considering only mechanical load and mechanical-thermal coupling,it was found that the braking thermal stress had great influence on the rim stress.The orthogonal design method was used to study the effect of the rim thickness,the rubber layer angle and the elastic modulus of the rubber layer on the maximum temperature of the rubber layer and the internal surface stress of the rim in different line situations.The results show that increasing the thickness of the rim reduces the rubber temperature and the mechanical-thermal coupling stress;when the thickness of the rim is less than 55 mm,the mechanical stress dominates,and when the thickness of the rim is greater than 60 mm,the temperature stress dominates;the effect of the elastic modulus of the rubber layer is non-monotonic,for a given rim thickness and a rubber layer angle,there exists optimal value.

关 键 词：弹性车轮 机械-热耦合 正交试验 参数优化 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]