加氢装置停工过程反应器床层降温解决措施  

Measures for cooling of reactor bed during shutdown of hydrogenation unit

作　　者：罗贯纬 LUO Guan-wei(Qingyang Petrochemical Company,PetroChina,Qingyang 745000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油庆阳石化公司,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《石化技术与应用》2023年第5期371-376,共6页Petrochemical Technology & Application

摘　　要：针对中国石油庆阳石化公司120万t/a柴油加氢装置,采取热氢带油、恒温氢解、热氮脱氢,延长循环降温时间等措施,解决了装置停工过程中加氢反应器床层降温难点问题。结果表明:加氢反应器床层温度平均降至44.6℃,其中第1~第4床层平均温度依次为42.7,43.4,45.8,46.6℃;反应系统持续补入少量氮气进行置换,同时通过降低循环氢压缩机进、出口温度,在反应器床层温度降至85℃以下时,可保持0.75℃/h的降温速度持续降温,使反应器降温后期保持较高降温效率;延长循环氢压缩机运行时间的能耗与停机后采用氮气置换降温相比,在实现节省大量氮气的同时可有效降低床层温度;通过改进停工方法,停工时间较常规停工缩短32 h,低压氮气、中压氮气消耗量分别减少29150,119993 m^(3),低压蒸汽、中压蒸汽消耗量分别增加190.9,582.7 t,待再生催化剂含硫量、含碳量均有所下降,同时高压换热器管壳程均无油。Aiming at the 1.2 Mt/a diesel hydrogenation unit of Qingyang Petrochemical Company of PetroChina,measures such as hot hydrogen with oil,hydrogenolysis at constant temperature,hot nitrogen dehydrogenation,and prolonging the cycle cooling time were taken.The problem of lowering the reactor bed temperature during the shutdown of the hydrogenation unit was solved.The results showed that the bed temperature of the hydrogenation reactor was reduced to 44.6℃on average,and the average temperature of the first to the fourth bed was 42.7,43.4,45.8 and 46.6℃respectively.The reaction system was replaced by continuously adding a small amount of nitrogen,and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the hydrogen compressor were decreased at the same time.It could keep the cooling rate of 0.75℃/h and keep the cooling efficiency of the reactor when the bed temperature of the reactor was less than 85℃.Compared with using nitrogen replacement to cool down after shutdown,the method of prolonging the running time of the circulating hydrogen compressor could save a large amount of nitrogen and reduce the bed temperature effectively.By improving the shut-down method,the shut-down time was 32 h shorter than that of conventional shut-down,and the consumption of low pressure nitrogen and medium pressure nitrogen was less than 29150,119993 m^(3),and the consumption of low pressure steam and medium pressure steam was more than 190.9,582.7 t,respectively.The sulfur content and carbon content of the regenerated catalyst were lower.At the same time,there was no oil in the shell-and tube-side of high-pressure heat exchanger.

关 键 词：加氢装置 反应器 催化剂 循环氢压缩机 氮气 床层温度 

分 类 号：TE665.6[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]