一般三棱镜偏向角与入射角的关系  

The Relationship between Deflection Angle and Incident angle of General Prism

作　　者：王梦影 顾菊观[1] 徐海斌[1] 曹炳松 俞轶帆 WANG Mengying;GU Juguan;XU Haibin;CAO Bingsong;YU Yifan(School of Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院理学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2023年第8期26-33,共8页Journal of Huzhou University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委理论物理专款“高校理论物理学术交流和人才培养平台建设项目”(12047568);湖州师范学院教育教学改革研究项目(JY21110)。

摘　　要：应用几何光学原理研究一般三棱镜的偏向角、最小偏向角与入射角的关系及其影响因素.运用Matlab作关系曲线,采用TracePro模拟光线传播,分析讨论关系曲线和光线轨迹,观察入射角、顶角和折射率的变化对出射光线出射的影响.结果显示,最小入射角与顶角和折射率有关,入射角应大于最小入射角;理论分析、模拟曲线和模拟光线相一致.该结论对进一步加深学生对一般三棱镜偏向角与入射角的关系及其影响因素的理解,以及掌握运用关系曲线、模拟光线分析光学问题的方法都具有重要的指导作用,也为教学、实验和研究选择棱镜顶角、折射率和入射角提供了一定的理论和模拟依据.The relationship between the deflection angle,the minimum deflection angle and the incident angle of the general prism as well as the influencing factors are obtained on the basis of the principle of geometric optics.By using Matlab to make the relation curve and TracePro to simulate the light propagation,the relation curve and light trajectory are analyzed and discussed.The effects of the changes of incident angle,vertex angle and refractive index on the outgoing light are clearly observed.It is obtained that the minimum incident angle is related to the vertex angle and refractive index,and the incident angle should be greater than the minimum incident angle.The results show that the theoretical analysis,simulation curve and simulation light are consistent.The conclusion plays an important guiding role in further deepening the understanding of the relationship and influencing factors between the deflection angle and the incident angle of the general prism,mastering the method of using the relationship curve and simulating the light to analyze optical problems,and provides a theoretical and simulation basis for the selection of prism vertex angle,refractive index and incident angle in teaching,experiment and research.

关 键 词：一般三棱镜 偏向角 入射角 顶角 折射率 

分 类 号：O435.1[机械工程—光学工程]