利用适应性工具包评估绿色基础设施在减少暴雨径流和污染负荷方面的效用——以美国得克萨斯州加利纳帕克市为例(英文)  

An Adaptive Toolkit for Projecting the Impact of Green Infrastructure Provisions on Stormwater Runoff and Pollutant Load——A Case Study on the City of Galena Park,Texas,USA

作　　者：朱芮 盖伦·纽曼 韩成勋 詹姆斯·凯哈图 王天怡 Rui ZHU;Gaen NEWMAN;Sunghoon HAN;James KAIHATU;Tianyi WANG(Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning,Texas A&M University,College Station,TX 77843,USA)

机构地区：[1]美国得克萨斯农工大学景观设计与城市规划系,学院站77843

出　　处：《景观设计学（中英文）》2023年第2期72-87,共16页Landscape Architecture Frontiers

基　　金：National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Grant (No.P42ES027704-01)。

摘　　要：在空间受限、土地开发过度及拥有错综复杂地下市政设施网络的社区中,建设绿色基础设施来减少洪水及其相关污染困难重重。为应对这一挑战,作者开发了一种适应性绿色基础设施工具包,其可根据地面可用空间的面积大小和地下障碍物的深度进行个性化定制。本文以美国得克萨斯州加利纳帕克市为例——该市长期受到洪水及地面、地下空间限制的困扰——首先应用该工具包为城市制定了总体规划,而后利用Delft3D-FM模型和长期水文影响评价(L-THIA)模型评估了该规划的效果。评估结果显示,不同阶段的暴雨径流和非点源污染物均会减少,该工具包能够有效管理水资源和控制污染,可为面临类似挑战的社区提供参考。The implementation of green infrastructure in retrofit projects to reduce flooding and pollution is a significant challenge in spaceconstrained and overly developed communities which also have complex underground utility systems.To overcome this challenge,the authors have developed an adaptive green infrastructure toolkit that can be tailored by both on-ground spatial size and underground depth of obstruction.This study aims to assess the effectiveness of this toolkit in mitigating flooding and non-point source pollutants by demonstrating the case of the city of Galena Park,Texas,USA,which has suffered from severe flooding as well as on-ground and underground space constraint issues.We first applied the toolkit to create a master plan for Galena Park and evaluated the effect of the plan by using the Delft3D-FM(Flexible Mesh)flood model alongside the Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment(L-THIA)model.The results demonstrate progressive reductions in stormwater runoff and NPS pollutants across different phases.These findings highlight the toolkit's effectiveness in improving water management and pollution control,providing valuable empirical evidences for similar communities facing similar challenges.

关 键 词：暴雨径流 污染负荷 公共健康 绿色基础设施工具包 Delft3D-FM模型 L-THIA模型 

分 类 号：TU985[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]