长期施用氮肥对麦玉轮作体系土壤水稳性团聚体和有机碳的影响  

Effect of long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer on soil water-stable aggregates and organic carbon in wheat-maize rotation system

作　　者：何冰 刘璐 魏静[1] 孙志梅[1] 马文奇[1] HE Bing;LIU Lu;WEI Jing;SUN Zhimei;MA Wenqi(College of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2023年第5期1-7,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1901001).

摘　　要：本研究依托华北平原小麦—玉米轮作12年定位试验,采用湿筛法分析不同氮肥用量(N0、N100、N180、N255、N330)对水稳性团聚体粒径组成、土壤结构稳定性及团聚体有机碳的影响。结果表明:各个施氮水平下土壤水稳性大团聚体含量(>0.25 mm)和大团聚体有机碳含量均高于微团聚体(<0.25 mm)。施用氮肥处理(N100、N180、N255和N330)较不施氮肥处理显著提高了>2 mm粒径团聚体含量、团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)。N255处理>2 mm和0.5-2 mm粒径较N0处理均显著提高了水稳性团聚体有机碳含量。而过量施用氮肥(N330处理)则会降低<2 mm粒径团聚体比重和该粒径有机碳含量。土壤团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)和几何平均直径(GMD)分别与>2 mm团聚体含量、>2 mm团聚体有机碳含量呈显著正相关,且>2 mm粒径团聚体含量与该粒径有机碳含量呈极显著正相关。综上,适量施用氮肥可以增加>2 mm粒径水稳性大团聚体分布和该粒径团聚体有机碳含量,且不会明显破坏土壤结构。In this study,we analyzed the effects of different N fertilizer levels(N0,N100,N180,N255,N330)on the particle size composition of water-stable aggregates,soil structure stability and aggregates organic carbon by wet sieving method based on a long-term experiment of wheat-maize rotation from 2010 to 2021 in the North China Plain.The results showed that the content of soil water-stable macroaggregates(>0.25 mm)and organic carbon in macroaggregates(>0.25 mm)were higher than that of microaggregates(<0.25 mm)at all N fertilizer application treatments.N fertilizer treatments(N100,N180,N255 and N330)significantly increased the macroaggregates content(>2 mm),mean aggregates weight diameter(MWD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)compared with empty N fertilizer treatments.The N255 treatments significantly increased the organic carbon content of water-stable aggregates(>2 mm and 0.5-2 mm)compared with the N0 treatment.In contrast,excessive application of N fertilizer(N330)reduced the content of the aggregates(<2 mm)whose organic carbon content was reduced.The MWD and GMD of soil aggregates were significantly positively correlated with the content of aggregats above 2 mm and organic carbon of aggregates above 2 mm,respectively.The content of aggregates above 2 mm was significantly positively correlated with organic carbon content of this particle size.In conclusion,moderate application of N fertilizer can increase the content of water-stable macroaggregates and organic carbon of aggregates above 2 mm without destruction of the soil structure.

关 键 词：麦玉轮作 水稳性团聚体 土壤有机碳 

分 类 号：S152[农业科学—土壤学]