‘鸡冠’与‘P22’正反交后代对‘天红2号’苹果生长结果的影响  

Effects of hybrid progeny of reciprocal cross between‘Jiguan’and‘P22’on growth and fruiting of‘Tianhong 2’apple

作　　者：王祖光 尹鹏龙 姬新梅 田国杰 石晓英 李佳[1] 张学英[1] WANG Zuguang;YIN Pengong;JI Xinmei;TIAN Guojie;SHI Xiaoying;LI Jia;ZHANG Xueying(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2023年第5期33-40,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系苹果创新团队资金项目(HBCT2023120205);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326308D-02-03).

摘　　要：探究以‘鸡冠’与‘P22’杂交后代作砧木嫁接‘天红2号’苹果的生长结果状况,并初选优株,为矮化砧木选育提供参考。以‘鸡冠’与‘P22’正反交后代作砧木嫁接‘天红2号’苹果为试材,研究树体生长、早花早果特性、果实品质等性状变异情况。树相指标中变异系数最大的是分枝数量,正反交组合分别为31.61%和35.21%;变异系数最小的是树高,正反交组合分别为16.77%和17.89%。果实性状指标中变异系数最大的是苹果酸含量,正反交组合分别为12.98%和16.33%;变异系数最小的是果形指数,分别为4.25%和2.69%。‘P22’ב鸡冠’杂交组合后代作砧木,在第3年开花株率达到100%,高于正交组合。不同杂交后代上嫁接的‘天红2号’苹果树相指标、果实性状与单株产量均存在不同程度的分离变异,初步认为反交组合‘P22’ב鸡冠’后代综合表现优于正交组合‘鸡冠’בP22’,并且‘鸡冠’בP22’后代的64号与‘P22’ב鸡冠’的后代35号嫁接‘天红2号’苹果,树体矮化效果和果实品质较优,可作为重点材料进一步研究。The growth and fruiting status of‘Tianhong 2’apple grafted on rootstocks of the‘Jiguan’and‘P22’hybrid progeny were investigated,and the superior plants were selected to provide reference for dwarf rootstock breeding.The variation of tree growth,early flowering and fruiting characteristics,fruit quality and other traits were investigated.The largest coefficient of variation in the tree phase index was the number of branches,which were 31.61%and 35.21%respectively.The lowest coefficient of variation was tree height,which were 16.77%and 17.89%respectively.Among the fruit traits,the largest coefficient of variation was malic acid content,which were 12.98%and 16.33%respectively.The smallest coefficient of variation was fruit shape index,which were 4.25%and 2.69%,respectively.When the hybrid combination of‘P22’בJiguan’was used as rootstock,the flowering plant rate reached 100%in the third year,which was higher than that of the other combination.There were different degrees of separation and variation in the phase index,fruit traits and yield per plant of‘Tianhong No.2’apple trees grafted on different hybrid offsprings.It was preliminarily considered that the comprehensive performance of the offspring of the inverse combination‘P22’בJiguan’was better than that of the orthogonal combination‘Jiguan’בP22’And the tree dwarfing effect and fruit quality were better when‘Tianhong No.2’was grafted on No.64 of the offspring of‘Jiguan’בP22’and No.35 of‘P22’בJiguan’,which could be used as key materials for further research.

关 键 词：苹果砧木 杂交后代 生长结果 早花特性 变异分析 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]